Beekeeping and Managed Bee Diversity in Indonesia: Perspective and Preference of Beekeepers
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Selected Area for Survey Research
2.2. Beekeeper Interview and Sampling of Bees
2.3. Data Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Profile of Beekeepers in Indonesia
3.2. Diversity of Honey Bees and Stingless Bees Reared by Beekeepers in Indonesia
3.3. Beekeepers Perspective on Factors Affecting Bees Population
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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No. | Province | Direct Interview | Online Questionnaire | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|
Sumatera | ||||
1. | Aceh | 10 | 5 | 15 |
2. | North Sumatera | 1 | 1 | |
3. | Riau | 7 | 1 | 8 |
4. | Bangka Belitung Islands | 2 | 2 | |
5. | Riau Islands | 1 | 1 | |
6. | Jambi | 10 | 10 | |
7. | West Sumatera | 10 | 1 | 11 |
8. | South Sumatera | 11 | 11 | |
9. | Lampung | 10 | 1 | 11 |
Java | ||||
10. | Banten | 24 | 1 | 25 |
11. | West Java | 9 | 6 | 15 |
12. | Central Java | 24 | 6 | 30 |
13. | Special Region of Yogyakarta | 2 | 2 | |
14. | East Java | 10 | 8 | 18 |
Kalimantan | ||||
15. | West Kalimantan | 13 | 2 | 15 |
16. | Central Kalimantan | 2 | 2 | |
17. | South Kalimantan | 4 | 4 | |
18. | East Kalimantan | 7 | 1 | 8 |
Sulawesi | ||||
19. | North Sulawesi | 1 | 1 | |
20. | Central Sulawesi | 12 | 12 | |
21. | South-East Sulawesi | 1 | 1 | |
22. | South Sulawesi | 16 | 2 | 18 |
Other province | ||||
23. | Bali | 15 | 4 | 19 |
24. | West Nusa Tenggara | 21 | 1 | 22 |
25. | Maluku | 10 | 10 | |
Total | 221 | 51 | 272 |
No. | Species | Sumatera | Java | Kalimantan | Sulawesi | Bali | Nusa Tenggara | Maluku | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Honey bees | |||||||||
1. | Apis mellifera | 6 | 25 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 36 | ||
2. | Apis cerana | 22 | 22 | 2 | 12 | 4 | 1 | 3 | 66 |
3. | Apis nigrocincta | 3 | 3 | ||||||
Stingless bees | |||||||||
4. | Tetragonula laeviceps | 18 | 29 | 6 | 10 | 12 | 15 | 1 | 91 |
5. | Tetragonula biroi | 1 | 5 | 6 | |||||
6. | Tetragonula drescheri | 3 | 1 | 4 | |||||
7. | Tetragonula clypearis | 2 | 4 | 6 | |||||
8. | Tetragonula sapiens | 2 | 5 | 7 | |||||
9. | Tetragonula fuscobalteata | 3 | 6 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 18 | ||
10. | Tetragonula melanocephala | 1 | 1 | ||||||
11. | Tetragonula minangkabau | 1 | 1 | ||||||
12. | Tetragonula sarawakensis | 1 | 1 | 2 | |||||
13. | Tetrigona binghami | 2 | 2 | ||||||
14. | Tetrigona apicalis | 6 | 1 | 7 | |||||
15. | Tetrigona melanoleuca | 1 | 1 | ||||||
16. | Heterotrigona bakeri | 1 | 1 | ||||||
17. | Heterotrigona erythogastra | 1 | 1 | ||||||
18. | Heterotrigona itama | 32 | 5 | 14 | 51 | ||||
19. | Homotrigona fimbriata | 1 | 1 | ||||||
20. | Geniotrigona thoracica | 9 | 1 | 7 | 1 | 18 | |||
21. | Lepidotrigona terminate | 10 | 1 | 2 | 13 | ||||
22. | Lophotrigona canifrons | 1 | 1 | ||||||
No. species | 16 | 10 | 10 | 7 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 22 |
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Buchori, D.; Rizali, A.; Priawandiputra, W.; Raffiudin, R.; Sartiami, D.; Pujiastuti, Y.; Jauharlina; Pradana, M.G.; Meilin, A.; Leatemia, J.A.; et al. Beekeeping and Managed Bee Diversity in Indonesia: Perspective and Preference of Beekeepers. Diversity 2022, 14, 52. https://doi.org/10.3390/d14010052
Buchori D, Rizali A, Priawandiputra W, Raffiudin R, Sartiami D, Pujiastuti Y, Jauharlina, Pradana MG, Meilin A, Leatemia JA, et al. Beekeeping and Managed Bee Diversity in Indonesia: Perspective and Preference of Beekeepers. Diversity. 2022; 14(1):52. https://doi.org/10.3390/d14010052
Chicago/Turabian StyleBuchori, Damayanti, Akhmad Rizali, Windra Priawandiputra, Rika Raffiudin, Dewi Sartiami, Yulia Pujiastuti, Jauharlina, Mahardika Gama Pradana, Araz Meilin, Johanna Audrey Leatemia, and et al. 2022. "Beekeeping and Managed Bee Diversity in Indonesia: Perspective and Preference of Beekeepers" Diversity 14, no. 1: 52. https://doi.org/10.3390/d14010052