Betulonic Acid Inhibits Type-2 Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Replication by Downregulating Cellular ATP Production
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. BA Inhibits PRRSV Replication in Marc-145 Cells
2.2. BA Inhibits PRRSV Replication in PAMs
2.3. BA Inhibits PRRSV Replication by Interfering with the Late Stage of the Virus Replication Cycle Rather than Its Entry
2.4. BA Inhibits PRRSV Replication by Reducing ATP Production
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Cell Lines and Virus Strains
4.2. Antibodies, Chemicals, and Reagents
4.3. Cytotoxicity Assay
4.4. Quantitative Real-Time PCR (qPCR)
4.5. Indirect Immunofluorescence Assay (IFA)
4.6. Western Blot Analysis
4.7. Time-of-Addition Assay
4.8. Determination of ATP Content
4.9. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Long, F.; Su, L.; Zhang, M.; Wang, S.; Sun, Q.; Liu, J.; Chen, W.; Wang, H.; Chen, J. Betulonic Acid Inhibits Type-2 Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Replication by Downregulating Cellular ATP Production. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 10366. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms251910366
Long F, Su L, Zhang M, Wang S, Sun Q, Liu J, Chen W, Wang H, Chen J. Betulonic Acid Inhibits Type-2 Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Replication by Downregulating Cellular ATP Production. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024; 25(19):10366. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms251910366
Chicago/Turabian StyleLong, Feixiang, Lizhan Su, Mingxin Zhang, Shuhua Wang, Qian Sun, Jinyi Liu, Weisan Chen, Haihong Wang, and Jianxin Chen. 2024. "Betulonic Acid Inhibits Type-2 Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Replication by Downregulating Cellular ATP Production" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 19: 10366. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms251910366