Distinct Metabolic Profiles of Ocular Hypertensives in Response to Hypoxia
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
- Age, BMI, and Sex: Ns
- IOP OD: Control vs. NTG (ns); Control vs. OHT (p < 0.0001); NTG vs. OHT (p < 0.0001)
- IOP OS: Control vs. NTG (ns); Control vs. OHT (p < 0.0001); NTG vs. OHT (p < 0.0001)
- MD OD: Control vs. NTG (p < 0.01); Control vs. OHT (ns); NTG vs. OHT (p < 0.05)
- MD OS: Control vs. NTG (p < 0.0001); Control vs. OHT (ns); NTG vs. OHT (p < 0.0001)
2.1. Metabolite Detection
2.2. Signatures of Hypoxia
2.3. Baseline vs. Hypoxia
2.4. Hypoxia vs. Recovery
2.5. Time Point Comparisons
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Ethics
4.2. Recruitment of Participants
4.3. Inclusion Criteria
4.3.1. NTG
4.3.2. OHT
4.3.3. Control Group
4.4. Exclusion Criteria
4.5. Hypoxia Model and Plasma Collection
4.6. Chemicals and Reagents
4.7. Metabolomic Analysis
4.8. Sample and Metabolite Extraction
4.9. Statistical Power
4.10. Statistical Analyses
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Control | NTG | OHT | |
---|---|---|---|
N | 10 | 10 | 10 |
Age (years) | 67 (8.1) | 73 (6.8) | 72 (4.3) |
BMI | 27.3 (7.1) | 24.0 (2.6) | 25.3 (2.4) |
Sex (men/women) | 7/3 | 6/4 | 5/5 |
IOP OD (mmHg) | 13.6 (1.8) | 12.1 (2.0) | 29.3 (5.7) |
IOP OS (mmHg) | 13.6 (2.0) | 12.5 (2.4) | 31.2 (5.5) |
MD OD (dB) | 0.9 (1.6) | 7.2 (7.0) | 1.4 (1.7) |
MD OS (dB) | 1.0 (2.6) | 11.1 (6.4) | 0.9 (1.4) |
Control | NTG | OHT | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Metabolite | FC | FDR | VIP | O-VIP | FC | FDR | VIP | O-VIP | FC | FDR | VIP | O-VIP |
Acetylaspartate | 0.7105 | 0.0278 | 1.7095 | 0.6008 | 0.7641 | 0.0258 | 0.8629 | 0.6428 | 0.7239 | 0.0119 | 1.7776 | 0.9227 |
Adenine | 0.7149 | 0.0029 | 1.9385 | 0.6912 | 0.7845 | 0.0110 | 1.9661 | 0.7799 | 0.7948 | 0.0119 | 1.8624 | 0.9491 |
Alpha HIB | 1.7137 | 0.0110 | 1.8708 | 0.6450 | 1.5854 | 0.0083 | 2.1538 | 0.4206 | 1.6238 | 0.0119 | 1.9119 | 0.6514 |
Citrulline | 0.6038 | 0.0074 | 1.8991 | 0.8186 | 0.6123 | 0.0326 | 1.8805 | 0.8689 | 0.6678 | 0.0119 | 1.9123 | 0.8883 |
Glutamine | 0.7188 | 0.0070 | 1.9642 | 0.9315 | 0.7405 | 0.0044 | 2.3512 | 0.7687 | 0.7627 | 0.0119 | 1.7434 | 0.9683 |
Allantoin | 0.6548 | 0.0186 | 1.7486 | 0.6592 | ||||||||
Azole (C4H6N4O3) | 0.8270 | 0.0261 | 1.6694 | 0.8197 | ||||||||
Gluconate | 0.8071 | 0.0405 | 1.6574 | 0.7318 | ||||||||
Indoleacetate | 0.5937 | 0.0278 | 1.5122 | 1.0439 | ||||||||
Acetoacetate | 3.2305 | 0.0119 | 1.8952 | 0.4330 | ||||||||
Acetylneuraminate | 0.8243 | 0.0119 | 1.8315 | 0.9941 | ||||||||
Fatty acid 18:1 | 1.3764 | 0.0189 | 1.7271 | 1.0603 | ||||||||
Myristate | 1.3488 | 0.0119 | 1.9050 | 0.5487 | ||||||||
Tryptophan | 0.8775 | 0.0103 | 2.0147 | 0.4868 | ||||||||
Cystine | 0.6916 | 0.0070 | 1.8868 | 0.0800 | 0.6626 | 0.0044 | 2.2478 | 0.6675 | ||||
Dicarboxylic acid (C5H8O4) | 0.8970 | 0.0405 | 1.5093 | 1.0341 | 0.8358 | 0.0083 | 2.0548 | 0.6598 | ||||
Fatty alcohol 4.1 O2 | 0.8933 | 0.0278 | 1.5150 | 1.0399 | 0.8319 | 0.0083 | 2.0977 | 0.6549 | ||||
Glyceraldehyde | 0.8881 | 0.0405 | 1.5000 | 1.0871 | 0.8189 | 0.0044 | 2.1532 | 0.6640 | ||||
Hexose (C6H12O6) | 0.8961 | 0.0261 | 1.4972 | 0.9774 | 0.8320 | 0.0083 | 2.1303 | 0.6301 | ||||
Pentose (C5H10O5) | 0.8840 | 0.0278 | 1.6628 | 1.0000 | 0.8280 | 0.0044 | 2.1664 | 0.6613 | ||||
Serine | 0.7051 | 0.0219 | 1.6542 | 1.0954 | 0.7576 | 0.0205 | 1.8690 | 1.0349 | ||||
Acetyllysine | 0.6862 | 0.0186 | 1.7629 | 1.1218 | 0.7376 | 0.0119 | 1.8707 | 0.8031 | ||||
Adenosine | 0.8066 | 0.0405 | 1.5172 | 1.0711 | 0.7683 | 0.0119 | 1.7795 | 0.8201 | ||||
Amino acid (C13H14N2O3) | 0.5119 | 0.0219 | 1.6143 | 0.5305 | 0.5210 | 0.0157 | 1.5710 | 0.9532 | ||||
Asparagine | 0.6709 | 0.0095 | 1.7561 | 1.1434 | 0.7338 | 0.0311 | 1.7116 | 0.9124 | ||||
Nucleoside (C9H12N2O6) | 0.8357 | 0.0110 | 1.8266 | 0.4729 | 0.8461 | 0.0189 | 1.7018 | 0.9529 | ||||
Succinate | 0.6415 | 0.0074 | 1.8306 | 0.6296 | 0.6895 | 0.0119 | 1.9347 | 0.9058 | ||||
Taurine | 0.7413 | 0.0029 | 2.0438 | 0.3861 | 0.7927 | 0.0245 | 1.5723 | 0.9030 |
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Langbøl, M.; Rovelt, J.; Saruhanian, A.; Saruhanian, S.; Tiedemann, D.; Baskaran, T.; Bocca, C.; Vohra, R.; Cvenkel, B.; Lenaers, G.; et al. Distinct Metabolic Profiles of Ocular Hypertensives in Response to Hypoxia. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 195. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25010195
Langbøl M, Rovelt J, Saruhanian A, Saruhanian S, Tiedemann D, Baskaran T, Bocca C, Vohra R, Cvenkel B, Lenaers G, et al. Distinct Metabolic Profiles of Ocular Hypertensives in Response to Hypoxia. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024; 25(1):195. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25010195
Chicago/Turabian StyleLangbøl, Mia, Jens Rovelt, Arevak Saruhanian, Sarkis Saruhanian, Daniel Tiedemann, Thisayini Baskaran, Cinzia Bocca, Rupali Vohra, Barbara Cvenkel, Guy Lenaers, and et al. 2024. "Distinct Metabolic Profiles of Ocular Hypertensives in Response to Hypoxia" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 1: 195. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25010195