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Review

Unlocking the Therapeutic Potential of Irisin: Harnessing Its Function in Degenerative Disorders and Tissue Regeneration

by
Yuwei Zhang
1,
Lizhen Wang
1,*,
Hongyan Kang
1,
Chia-Ying Lin
1,2,3,4 and
Yubo Fan
1,5
1
Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
2
Department of Biomedical, Chemical & Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
3
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
4
Department of Neurosurgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
5
School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(7), 6551; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24076551
Submission received: 3 March 2023 / Revised: 26 March 2023 / Accepted: 28 March 2023 / Published: 31 March 2023
(This article belongs to the Section Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism)
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Abstract

Physical activity is well-established as an important protective factor against degenerative conditions and a promoter of tissue growth and renewal. The discovery of Fibronectin domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5) as the precursor of Irisin in 2012 sparked significant interest in its potential as a diagnostic biomarker and a therapeutic agent for various diseases. Clinical studies have examined the correlation between plasma Irisin levels and pathological conditions using a range of assays, but the lack of reliable measurements for endogenous Irisin has led to uncertainty about its prognostic/diagnostic potential as an exercise surrogate. Animal and tissue-engineering models have shown the protective effects of Irisin treatment in reversing functional impairment and potentially permanent damage, but dosage ambiguities remain unresolved. This review provides a comprehensive examination of the clinical and basic studies of Irisin in the context of degenerative conditions and explores its potential as a therapeutic approach in the physiological processes involved in tissue repair/regeneration.
Keywords: FNDC5; irisin; degenerative disease; regeneration; tissue repair FNDC5; irisin; degenerative disease; regeneration; tissue repair

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MDPI and ACS Style

Zhang, Y.; Wang, L.; Kang, H.; Lin, C.-Y.; Fan, Y. Unlocking the Therapeutic Potential of Irisin: Harnessing Its Function in Degenerative Disorders and Tissue Regeneration. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 6551. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24076551

AMA Style

Zhang Y, Wang L, Kang H, Lin C-Y, Fan Y. Unlocking the Therapeutic Potential of Irisin: Harnessing Its Function in Degenerative Disorders and Tissue Regeneration. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2023; 24(7):6551. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24076551

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zhang, Yuwei, Lizhen Wang, Hongyan Kang, Chia-Ying Lin, and Yubo Fan. 2023. "Unlocking the Therapeutic Potential of Irisin: Harnessing Its Function in Degenerative Disorders and Tissue Regeneration" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 7: 6551. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24076551

APA Style

Zhang, Y., Wang, L., Kang, H., Lin, C.-Y., & Fan, Y. (2023). Unlocking the Therapeutic Potential of Irisin: Harnessing Its Function in Degenerative Disorders and Tissue Regeneration. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 24(7), 6551. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24076551

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