The Novel-Natural-Killer-Cell-Related Gene Signature Predicts the Prognosis and Immune Status of Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. ScRNA-seq Analysis Identified NK-Cell-Related Genes
2.2. NKRGS Risk Model Predicted the Prognoses of Patients with HCC
2.3. Development and Validation of the NKRGS-Based Nomogram
2.4. Comparison of Immune Infiltration Profiles between the NKRGS Risk Groups
2.5. NKRGS-Related Differentially Expressed Genes Correlated with Tumor Immunity and Metabolism
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Data Collection and Patient Selection
4.2. Identification of NK-Cell-Related Genes
4.3. Development and Validation of the NKRGS
4.4. Construction of a NKRGS-Based Nomogram
4.5. Immune Cell Infiltration Analysis
4.6. Functional Enrichment Analysis
4.7. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variable | TCGA Cohort n = 355 | Internal Cohort n = 116 | GSE14520 Cohort n = 242 |
---|---|---|---|
Age, years | |||
≤60 | 169 | 101 | 196 |
>60 | 186 | 25 | 46 |
Sex | |||
Male | 240 | 101 | 211 |
Female | 115 | 15 | 31 |
Grade | |||
I–II | 222 | 59 | NA |
III–IV | 128 | 57 | NA |
Unknown | 5 | 0 | NA |
Alpha-fetoprotein, ng/mL | |||
≤400 | 207 | 45 | NA |
>400 | 62 | 71 | NA |
Unknown | 86 | 0 | NA |
TNM stage | |||
I–II | 246 | NA | 174 |
III–IV | 85 | NA | 51 |
Unknown | 24 | NA | 17 |
BCLC stage | |||
0–A | NA | 58 | 172 |
B | NA | 32 | 24 |
C | NA | 26 | 29 |
Unknown | NA | 0 | 17 |
Vascular invasion | |||
Micro | 86 | 50 | NA |
Macro | 16 | 23 | NA |
None | 199 | 43 | NA |
Unknown | 54 | 0 | NA |
HBV/HCV infection | |||
Yes | NA | 99 | 218 |
No | NA | 17 | 6 |
Unknown | NA | 0 | 18 |
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Li, M.; Huang, J.; Zhan, G.; Li, Y.; Fang, C.; Xiang, B. The Novel-Natural-Killer-Cell-Related Gene Signature Predicts the Prognosis and Immune Status of Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 9587. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24119587
Li M, Huang J, Zhan G, Li Y, Fang C, Xiang B. The Novel-Natural-Killer-Cell-Related Gene Signature Predicts the Prognosis and Immune Status of Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2023; 24(11):9587. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24119587
Chicago/Turabian StyleLi, Minjun, Juntao Huang, Guohua Zhan, Yuankuan Li, Chunye Fang, and Bangde Xiang. 2023. "The Novel-Natural-Killer-Cell-Related Gene Signature Predicts the Prognosis and Immune Status of Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 11: 9587. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24119587