Decreased Expression of Estrogen Receptors Is Associated with Tumorigenesis in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Patient Characteristics
2.2. ER Expression Is Lower in PTC Specimes Than in Adjacent Normal Thyroid Tissues
2.3. Correlation of ER Expression with Clinicopathological Characteristics in PTC
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Tumor Samples and Patient Information
4.2. RNA Extraction and Quantitative Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR)
4.3. Thyroid Cancer Cell Culture
4.4. Bioinformatics Analysis
4.5. Statistical Analyses
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Clinical Features | n (%) |
---|---|
Age at the time of diagnosis (years) | 47.18 ± 12.82 |
Sex (male/female) | 21/82 |
Tumor size (cm) | 1.90 ± 1.10 |
Lymph node metastasis | 38 (36.8%) |
Extrathyroidal extension | 30 (29.1%) |
Tumor staging (AJCC) a | |
Low-risk | 93 (90.2%) |
High-risk | 10 (9.7%) |
Distant metastasis | 1 (0.97%) |
Clinical Features | ERα66 | ERα36 | ERβ | GPER1 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2−(ΔΔCt) | p | 2−(ΔΔCt) | p | 2−(ΔΔCt) | p | 2−(ΔΔCt) | p | ||
Age (years) | <55 | 1.77 ± 0.28 | 0.60 | 1.94 ± 0.22 | 0.59 | 1.11 ± 0.29 | 0.09 | 1.89 ± 0.31 | 0.63 |
≥55 | 1.23 ± 0.21 | 2.49 ± 0.44 | 0.66 ± 0.14 | 2.31 0.83 | |||||
Sex | Feale | 1.67 ± 0.23 | 0.47 | 1.44 ± 0.23 | 0.06 | 1.10 ± 0.24 | 0.44 | 1.68 ± 0.25 | 0.40 |
Male | 1.25 ± 0.30 | 0.8 ± 0.43 | 0.99 ± 0.22 | 2.24 ± 0.64 | |||||
Lymph node metastasis | Absent | 1.43 ± 0.24 | 0.36 | 1.95 ± 0.20 | 0.49 | 1.21 ± 0.35 | 0.74 | 2.22 ± 0.50 | 0.70 |
Present | 1.84 ± 0.33 | 1.76 ± 0.42 | 0.95 ± 0.15 | 1.79 ± 0.39 | |||||
Extrathyroidal extension | Absent | 1.76 ± 0.27 | 0.79 | 1.06 ± 0.22 | 0.16 | 0.83 ± 0.12 | 0.12 | 2.2 ± 0.45 | 0.04 b |
Present | 1.03 ± 0.16 | 1.8 ± 0.45 | 1.65 ± 0.62 | 0.97 ± 0.22 | |||||
Tumor staging (AJCC) a | Low | 1.62 ± 0.22 | 0.60 | 1.1 ± 0.20 | 0.11 | 1.09 ± 0.23 | 0.76 | 1.86 ± 0.33 | 0.19 |
High | 0.95 ± 0.23 | 2.7 ± 0.91 | 1.05 ± 0.36 | 0.90 ± 0.73 |
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Chou, C.-K.; Chi, S.-Y.; Hung, Y.-Y.; Yang, Y.-C.; Fu, H.-C.; Wang, J.-H.; Chen, C.-C.; Kang, H.-Y. Decreased Expression of Estrogen Receptors Is Associated with Tumorigenesis in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 1015. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23031015
Chou C-K, Chi S-Y, Hung Y-Y, Yang Y-C, Fu H-C, Wang J-H, Chen C-C, Kang H-Y. Decreased Expression of Estrogen Receptors Is Associated with Tumorigenesis in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(3):1015. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23031015
Chicago/Turabian StyleChou, Chen-Kai, Shun-Yu Chi, Yi-Yung Hung, Yi-Chien Yang, Hung-Chun Fu, Jia-He Wang, Chueh-Chen Chen, and Hong-Yo Kang. 2022. "Decreased Expression of Estrogen Receptors Is Associated with Tumorigenesis in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 3: 1015. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23031015
APA StyleChou, C.-K., Chi, S.-Y., Hung, Y.-Y., Yang, Y.-C., Fu, H.-C., Wang, J.-H., Chen, C.-C., & Kang, H.-Y. (2022). Decreased Expression of Estrogen Receptors Is Associated with Tumorigenesis in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23(3), 1015. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23031015