Effect of Antibiotic Amphotericin B Combinations with Selected 1,3,4-Thiadiazole Derivatives on RPTECs in an In Vitro Model
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Mitochondrial Dehydrogenase Activity
2.2. Impact of Thiadiazole Derivatives and Their Combinations with AmB on Necrotic and Apoptotic Cell Death in RPTEC Culture
2.3. Impact of Thiadiazole Derivatives and Their Combinations with AmB on Intracelluar ROS Production
2.4. Effect of Thiadiazole Derivatives and Their Combinations with AmB on the Activity of Caspases in RPTEC Culture
2.5. Semi-Quantitative ATR-FTIR Analysis of the C1+AmB and NTBD+AmB In Vitro Effect in the RPTEC Model
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Human Renal Proximal Tubule Cell Culture
4.2. Antifungal Substances
4.3. Determination of Mitochondrial Dehydrogenase Activity (MTT Assay)
4.4. Flow Cytometry
4.5. Determination of ROS
4.6. Caspase Activity Assay
4.7. Sample Preparation for ATR-FTIR Semi-Quantitative Analysis
4.8. ATR-FTIR Spectroscopy and Semi-Quantitative Data Analysis
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Band [cm−1] or Bands Ratio | Origin | Characteristics |
---|---|---|
3008 | =CH str. | Level of unsaturated lipids |
2958 | CH3 str. asym. | Level of saturated lipids |
2921 | CH2 str. asym. | |
2873 | CH3 str. sym. | |
2851 | CH2 str. sym. | |
1740 | C=O str. | Level of lipids, phospholipids, esters |
1687 | C=O str., NH bend. (Amide I) | Level of proteins (antiparallel β-sheet and β-turn) |
1654 | Level of proteins (α-helix and Amide I maximum) | |
1635 | Level of proteins (β-sheet) | |
1541 | NH bend., CN str. (Amide II) | Level of proteins |
1360–1480 | CH2, CH3 def. | Level of proteins and lipids |
1335 | CN def. (Amide III) | Level of proteins |
1310 | ||
3008/2958 | =CH str./CH3 str. asym. | Changes in lipid unsaturation level |
2921/2958 | CH2 str. asym./CH3 str. asym. | Changes in lipid chain length, branching, and/or saturation level |
2851/2873 | CH2 str. sym./CH3 str. sym. | |
1635/1654 | β-sheet/α-helix | Changes in relative level of β-sheet and α-helix secondary structures |
1541/1654 | Amide II/Amide I | Changes in secondary structure of proteins |
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Dróżdż, A.; Sławińska-Brych, A.; Kubera, D.; Kimsa-Dudek, M.; Gola, J.M.; Adamska, J.; Kruszniewska-Rajs, C.; Matwijczuk, A.; Karcz, D.; Dąbrowski, W.; et al. Effect of Antibiotic Amphotericin B Combinations with Selected 1,3,4-Thiadiazole Derivatives on RPTECs in an In Vitro Model. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 15260. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232315260
Dróżdż A, Sławińska-Brych A, Kubera D, Kimsa-Dudek M, Gola JM, Adamska J, Kruszniewska-Rajs C, Matwijczuk A, Karcz D, Dąbrowski W, et al. Effect of Antibiotic Amphotericin B Combinations with Selected 1,3,4-Thiadiazole Derivatives on RPTECs in an In Vitro Model. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(23):15260. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232315260
Chicago/Turabian StyleDróżdż, Agnieszka, Adrianna Sławińska-Brych, Dominika Kubera, Magdalena Kimsa-Dudek, Joanna Magdalena Gola, Jolanta Adamska, Celina Kruszniewska-Rajs, Arkadiusz Matwijczuk, Dariusz Karcz, Wojciech Dąbrowski, and et al. 2022. "Effect of Antibiotic Amphotericin B Combinations with Selected 1,3,4-Thiadiazole Derivatives on RPTECs in an In Vitro Model" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 23: 15260. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232315260