Genome-Wide Analysis of AP2/ERF Gene Superfamily in Ramie (Boehmeria nivea L.) Revealed Their Synergistic Roles in Regulating Abiotic Stress Resistance and Ramet Development
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Identification, Characteristics, Phylogeny Relationship, and Classification of AP2/ERF Transcription Factors in Ramie
2.2. Gene Structure and Conserved Motifs Analysis of BnAP2/ERFs
2.3. Chromosome Distribution and Gene Duplication of BnAP2/ERFs
2.4. The Putative Promoter Regions Analysis of BnAP2/ERF Subfamily
2.5. Gene Ontology Annotation and KEGG Enrichment Analysis of BnAP2/ERF Target Genes
2.6. Expression Analysis of BnAP2/ERF Genes Based on Transcriptome Data
2.6.1. Tissue Specific Expression of BnAP2/ERF Genes
2.6.2. Expression Patterns of BnAP2/ERF Genes in Response to Various Abiotic Stresses
2.6.3. Expression Patterns of BnAP2/ERF Genes in Various Ramie Varieties with Significantly Different Ramet Numbers
2.6.4. Verification of Gene Expression by qPCR
3. Discussion
3.1. Global Profile of AP2/ERF Gene Family of Ramie
3.2. The Roles of the BnAP2/ERF Gene Family in Responding to Abiotic Stresses
3.3. Candidate Genes for Improving Waterlogging Tolerance Coupling with Ramet Development
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Identification of BnAP2/ERF Gene Superfamily
4.2. Phylogeny, Conserved Motifs, and Gene Structure Analysis
4.3. Chromosome Distribution, Gene Duplication, and Evolutionary Analysis of AP2/ERF Homologous Genes
4.4. Cis-Element Analysis
4.5. KEGG Enrichment Analysis and Gene Ontology Functional Annotation of BnAP2/ERFs Target Genes
4.6. Transcriptome Data Sources and Expression Analysis of the BnAP2/ERF Genes
4.7. BnAP2/ERF Protein–Protein Interaction Network Prediction
4.8. Plant Materials and Sampling
4.9. RNA Sample Extraction and qPCR Analysis
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Arabidopsis | Ramie | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Classification | Group | No. | Group | No. |
AP2 family | Total | 18 | Total | 19 |
Double AP2/ERF domain | 14 | Double AP2/ERF domain | 13 | |
Single AP2/ERF domain | 4 | Single AP2/ERF domain | 6 | |
ERF family | Total | 122 | Total | 113 |
DREB subfamily | Groups I to IV | 57 | Groups I to IV | 36 |
ERF subfamily | Groups V to X | 58 | Groups V to X | 75 |
ERF subfamily | Groups VI-L and Xb-L | 7 | Groups VI to L | 2 |
Soloist | At4g13040 | 1 | BnSolo-01 | 1 |
RAV family | 6 | 5 | ||
Total | 147 | Total | 138 |
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Qiu, X.; Zhao, H.; Abubakar, A.S.; Shao, D.; Chen, J.; Chen, P.; Yu, C.; Wang, X.; Chen, K.; Zhu, A. Genome-Wide Analysis of AP2/ERF Gene Superfamily in Ramie (Boehmeria nivea L.) Revealed Their Synergistic Roles in Regulating Abiotic Stress Resistance and Ramet Development. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 15117. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232315117
Qiu X, Zhao H, Abubakar AS, Shao D, Chen J, Chen P, Yu C, Wang X, Chen K, Zhu A. Genome-Wide Analysis of AP2/ERF Gene Superfamily in Ramie (Boehmeria nivea L.) Revealed Their Synergistic Roles in Regulating Abiotic Stress Resistance and Ramet Development. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(23):15117. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232315117
Chicago/Turabian StyleQiu, Xiaojun, Haohan Zhao, Aminu Shehu Abubakar, Deyi Shao, Jikang Chen, Ping Chen, Chunming Yu, Xiaofei Wang, Kunmei Chen, and Aiguo Zhu. 2022. "Genome-Wide Analysis of AP2/ERF Gene Superfamily in Ramie (Boehmeria nivea L.) Revealed Their Synergistic Roles in Regulating Abiotic Stress Resistance and Ramet Development" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 23: 15117. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232315117