The Association of Patent Ductus Arteriosus with Inflammation: A Narrative Review of the Role of Inflammatory Biomarkers and Treatment Strategy in Premature Infants
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
3. Results
3.1. The Role of Perinatal Infection and Inflammation in PDA
3.1.1. Chorioamnionitis
3.1.2. Inflammation and PDA
3.2. Antenatal Steroid Usage and Its Impact on PDA Closure
3.3. Potential Biomarkers Involved in PDA Pathogenesis
3.4. Pharmacological Treatment in PDA Closure
3.4.1. Indomethacin
3.4.2. Ibuprofen
3.4.3. Acetaminophen
3.4.4. Resistance to Pharmacological Treatment
3.4.5. Drugs in the Future
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Reference | Maternal Pathology | Pathogens | Outcome |
---|---|---|---|
Gomez et al. [39] | Clinical or histological chorioamnionitis Microbial invasion of amniotic cavity | U. urealyticum (70%) M. hominis (24%) Fusobacterium (9%) Strp. Viridans (9%) | Elevation of IL-6 in fetus |
Gibbs et al. [34] | Intraamniotic infection | U. urealyticum (47%), M. hominis (31%), B. bivius (29%), G. vaginalis (24%) GBS (15%), E. coli (8%) | Poor neonatal outcomes in intraamniotic fluid with E. coli or GBS |
Chang et al. [40] | Histological chorioamnionitis | U. urealyticum | U. urealyticum was more frequent in infant with BPD |
Biomarker | Potential Pathological or Clinical Role That May Relate to Perinatal Inflammation and PDA | References |
---|---|---|
TNF-α | Mediators in the early inflammatory response | [25] |
IL-1 | Mediators in the early inflammatory response Risk of preterm birth | [25,84] |
IL-6 | Mediators in the early inflammatory response Risk of preterm birth Clinically related to persistent PDA | [25,39,74,79,84] |
IL-8, IL-10, MIP-1α | Related to persistent PDA Clinical risk of preterm birth | [79,84] |
IL-15 | Attenuates smooth muscle cell proliferation Involved in atherogenesis | [86,87] |
IL-17 | Risk of preterm birth Involved in vascular remodeling and prostaglandin expression Increases platelet aggregation | [84,88] |
GDF-15 | Related to persistent PDA Associated with tissue hypoxia, inflammation, acute injury, and oxidative stress. | [79] |
ΜCP-1 | Clinically related to persistent PDA Regulates migration and infiltration of monocytes and macrophages Risk of preterm birth Related to thrombus formation | [79] |
PGDH | Risk of preterm birth | [84] |
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Wei, Y.-J.; Hsu, R.; Lin, Y.-C.; Wong, T.-W.; Kan, C.-D.; Wang, J.-N. The Association of Patent Ductus Arteriosus with Inflammation: A Narrative Review of the Role of Inflammatory Biomarkers and Treatment Strategy in Premature Infants. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 13877. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232213877
Wei Y-J, Hsu R, Lin Y-C, Wong T-W, Kan C-D, Wang J-N. The Association of Patent Ductus Arteriosus with Inflammation: A Narrative Review of the Role of Inflammatory Biomarkers and Treatment Strategy in Premature Infants. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(22):13877. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232213877
Chicago/Turabian StyleWei, Yu-Jen, Rosie Hsu, Yung-Chieh Lin, Tak-Wah Wong, Chung-Dann Kan, and Jieh-Neng Wang. 2022. "The Association of Patent Ductus Arteriosus with Inflammation: A Narrative Review of the Role of Inflammatory Biomarkers and Treatment Strategy in Premature Infants" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 22: 13877. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232213877
APA StyleWei, Y. -J., Hsu, R., Lin, Y. -C., Wong, T. -W., Kan, C. -D., & Wang, J. -N. (2022). The Association of Patent Ductus Arteriosus with Inflammation: A Narrative Review of the Role of Inflammatory Biomarkers and Treatment Strategy in Premature Infants. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23(22), 13877. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232213877