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Communication

High-Temperature Conditions Promote Soybean Flowering through the Transcriptional Reprograming of Flowering Genes in the Photoperiod Pathway

1
Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju Daero 501, Jinju 52828, Korea
2
Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju Daero 501, Jinju 52828, Korea
3
Institute of Agriculture & Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju Daero 501, Jinju 52828, Korea
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
These authors contributed equally in this study.
Academic Editor: Carla Caruso
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(3), 1314; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22031314
Received: 29 December 2020 / Revised: 22 January 2021 / Accepted: 26 January 2021 / Published: 28 January 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Responses and Tolerance to Temperature Changes)
Global warming has an impact on crop growth and development. Flowering time is particularly sensitive to environmental factors such as day length and temperature. In this study, we investigated the effects of global warming on flowering using an open-top Climatron chamber, which has a higher temperature and CO2 concentration than in the field. Two different soybean cultivars, Williams 82 and IT153414, which exhibited different flowering times, were promoted flowering in the open-top Climatron chamber than in the field. We more specifically examined the expression patterns of soybean flowering genes on the molecular level under high-temperature conditions. The elevated temperature induced the expression of soybean floral activators, GmFT2a and GmFT5a as well as a set of GmCOL genes. In contrast, it suppressed floral repressors, E1 and E2 homologs. Moreover, high-temperature conditions affected the expression of these flowering genes in a day length-independent manner. Taken together, our data suggest that soybean plants properly respond and adapt to changing environments by modulating the expression of a set of flowering genes in the photoperiod pathway for the successful production of seeds and offspring. View Full-Text
Keywords: soybean; high temperature; carbon dioxide; flowering time; gene expression soybean; high temperature; carbon dioxide; flowering time; gene expression
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MDPI and ACS Style

No, D.H.; Baek, D.; Lee, S.H.; Cheong, M.S.; Chun, H.J.; Park, M.S.; Cho, H.M.; Jin, B.J.; Lim, L.H.; Lee, Y.B.; Shim, S.I.; Chung, J.-I.; Kim, M.C. High-Temperature Conditions Promote Soybean Flowering through the Transcriptional Reprograming of Flowering Genes in the Photoperiod Pathway. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 1314. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22031314

AMA Style

No DH, Baek D, Lee SH, Cheong MS, Chun HJ, Park MS, Cho HM, Jin BJ, Lim LH, Lee YB, Shim SI, Chung J-I, Kim MC. High-Temperature Conditions Promote Soybean Flowering through the Transcriptional Reprograming of Flowering Genes in the Photoperiod Pathway. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22(3):1314. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22031314

Chicago/Turabian Style

No, Dong H., Dongwon Baek, Su H. Lee, Mi S. Cheong, Hyun J. Chun, Mi S. Park, Hyun M. Cho, Byung J. Jin, Lack H. Lim, Yong B. Lee, Sang I. Shim, Jong-Il Chung, and Min C. Kim. 2021. "High-Temperature Conditions Promote Soybean Flowering through the Transcriptional Reprograming of Flowering Genes in the Photoperiod Pathway" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 3: 1314. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22031314

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