Gut Microbiota Influence in Hematological Malignancies: From Genesis to Cure
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Gut Microbiota in Hematological Malignancies
3. The Treatment of Hematological Malignancies and Microbiota
4. Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation
5. Autologous Stem Cell Transplant
6. Antibiotics and Acute Myeloid Leukemia
7. First Line Treatment in Multiple Myeloma
8. CAR T Cells
9. Outlook-Future Perspective
10. Concluding Remarks
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Mechanism | Outcome | Involved Drug (s) |
---|---|---|
Enzymatic modification of the drugs | Decreased levels | Cladribine, gemcitabine, doxorubicin, Idarubicin, etoposide, mitoxantrone [99] |
Increased activity | Fludarabine, 6-Mercaptopurine [99] | |
Translocation of Gram-positive bacteria | Generation of Th17 and Th1 lymphocytes | Cyclophosphamide [74] |
Modulation of genotoxicity | Reduction of DNA damage and apoptosis | Oxaliplatin, cisplatin [87] |
Treatment | Microbiota Feature | Outcome |
---|---|---|
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation | Decontamination of gut anaerobes | Lower risk of GvHD [127,132] |
Decreased duodenal Paneth cells | Higher GI GvHD and NRM [148] | |
Low intestinal microbiota diversity | Higher TRM, lower OS and GvHD-related mortality [135,138] | |
Enterococcus spp. domination | Increased GI GvHD severity [145] Increased GvHD-related and overall mortality [146,157] Associated with blood stream infections [110,158] | |
Blautia abundance | Reduced GvHD-related mortality [136] | |
Clostridia spp. depletion | Increased GvHD [150] | |
Barnesiella spp. abundance | Protection against Enterococcus domination [159] | |
Akkermansia muciniphila domination | Mucus degradation [128] | |
Lactobacillales domination | Associated with GvHD development [140] | |
Eubacterium limosum abundance | Lower risk of relapse or progression, higher OS [90] | |
Picobirnivirus presence | Severe GI GvHD [160] | |
Lower urinary 3-indoxyl sulfate | Higher risk of GvHD, higher TRM, lower OS, higher dysbiosis [145,155] | |
Autologous stem cell transplantation | Reduction in diversity index and an increased dominance index | Development of mucositis [161] |
Decreased in Firmicutes and Actinobacteria and increased in Proteobacteria | Development of GI mucositis [161] | |
Chemotherapy | Baseline levels of Porphyromonadaceae | Predictor of infection during induction for acute myeloid leukemia [162] |
Relative abundance of E hallii | Higher negative minimal residual disease rate in bone marrow for multiple myeloma [163] | |
CAR T-cell therapy | Oscillospiraceae, Ruminococcacaeae and Lachnospiraceae enriched | Association with complete remission after CAR T cell therapy [164] |
Higher abundance of Lachnospiraceae | Development of cytokine release syndrome and/or neurotoxicity [164] |
Condition | Intervention | Administration | Primary Aim | Phase | Participants | Status | Identifier |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
aGvHD | FMT | Orally via capsule | Efficacy, safety, and tolerability | I | 10 | NYR | NCT04280471 |
GI aGvHD | FMT | Colonoscopy or gastroscopy | Efficacy and safety | II | 30 | R | NCT03812705 |
GI aGvHD | FMT | Nasojejunal tube | Efficacy and safety | I | 15 | NYR | NCT03549676 |
GI aGvHD | FMT | Orally via capsule | Efficacy and safety | I/II | 20 | R | NCT04269850 |
GI aGvHD | FMT | Orally via capsule | Efficacy and safety | II | 17 | NYR | NCT04059757 |
GI aGvHD | FMT | Colonoscopy or gastroscopy | Efficacy | III | 15 | R | NCT03819803 |
GI aGvHD | FMT | Orally via capsule | Efficacy and safety | N/A | 10 | R | NCT04622475 |
aGvHD | FMT | Orally via capsule | Feasibility and efficacy | I | 11 | NYR | NCT04139577 |
GI aGvHD | FMT | Colonoscopy or duodenal nutrition tube injection | Efficacy | I | 30 | R | NCT04285424 |
Allo-HSCT, AML | FMT | Orally via capsule | Efficacy and incidence of infections | II | 120 | R | NCT03678493 |
AML | FMT | Rectal enema | Evaluation in dysbiosis correction and in MDRB eradication | I/II | 20 | C | NCT02928523 |
aGvHD | FMT | Not specified | Efficacy | II | 24 | C | NCT03359980 |
Allo-HSCT | FMT | Orally via capsule | Feasibility and efficacy | I | 18 | C | NCT02733744 |
Allo-HSCT | Potato-based dietary starch | Orally | Incidence of grade II-IV GVHD | II | 70 | R | NCT02763033 |
Allo-HSCT | Fructo-oligosaccharides prebiotic | Orally | Safety and tolerability | I | 15 | C | NCT02805075 |
Allo-HSCT | Galacto-oligosaccharide prebiotic | Orally | Tolerability and incidence of Grade II-IV aGVHD | I/II | 128 | NYR | NCT04373057 |
Allo-HSCT | Human lysozyme goat milk prebiotic | Orally | Safety and tolerability | I | 36 | NYR | NCT04177004 |
Allo-HSCT | Clostridium butyricum CBM 588 Probiotic Strain | Orally | Safety | I | 36 | R | NCT03922035 |
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Uribe-Herranz, M.; Klein-González, N.; Rodríguez-Lobato, L.G.; Juan, M.; Fernández de Larrea, C. Gut Microbiota Influence in Hematological Malignancies: From Genesis to Cure. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 1026. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22031026
Uribe-Herranz M, Klein-González N, Rodríguez-Lobato LG, Juan M, Fernández de Larrea C. Gut Microbiota Influence in Hematological Malignancies: From Genesis to Cure. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22(3):1026. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22031026
Chicago/Turabian StyleUribe-Herranz, Mireia, Nela Klein-González, Luis Gerardo Rodríguez-Lobato, Manel Juan, and Carlos Fernández de Larrea. 2021. "Gut Microbiota Influence in Hematological Malignancies: From Genesis to Cure" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 3: 1026. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22031026