The Mechanism of Leptin on Inhibiting Fibrosis and Promoting Browning of White Fat by Reducing ITGA5 in Mice
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Leptin Relieves Adipose Tissue Fibrosis in Mice
2.2. Leptin Relieves Adipose Tissue Fibrosis by Inhibiting ITGA5
2.3. ITGA5 Promotes Fibrosis in Adipocytes, Inhibition of ITGA5 Alleviates Fibrosis in Adipocytes
2.4. ITGA5 Promotes Fibrosis in Adipocytes by Activating the PI3K-AKT Signaling Pathway
2.5. Leptin Promotes White Fat Browning and Relieves the Inhibitory Effect of TGF-β on Adipocyte Browning
2.6. Down regulation of ITGA5 Alleviates the Inhibitory Effect of Browning Caused by Fibrosis
3. Research Highlights
- (1)
- Leptin relieves adipose fibrosis by inhibiting ITGA5;
- (2)
- ITGA5 promotes adipocyte fibrosis by activating the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway, inhibiting ITGA5 could alleviate adipocyte fibrosis;
- (3)
- Down regulation of ITGA5 alleviates the inhibitory effect of browning caused by fibrosis.
4. Discussion
5. Materials and Methods
5.1. Animal Experiment
5.2. Adipocyte Culture
5.3. Determination of Adipose Tissue Hydroxyproline
5.4. Real-Time Quantitative PCR Analysis
5.5. Western Blotting Analysis
5.6. Immunofluorescence Assay
5.7. HE Staining
5.8. Immunohistochemistry
5.9. Masson Stain
5.10. Oil Red O Staining
5.11. Statistical Analysis
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
Abbreviations | Name |
ITGA5 | integrin alpha 5 |
TGF-β | transforming growth factor-β |
PI3K | phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase |
AKT/PKB | protein kinase B |
UCP1 | uncoupling protein 1 |
NPY | neuropeptide Y |
PRDM16 | PR domain-containing 16 |
JAK2 | janus kinase 2 |
STAT3 | signal transducer and activator of transcription |
Hh | hedgehog |
ECM | extracellular matrix |
HFD | high-fat diets |
DMEM | Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium |
GTF2IRD1 | general transcription factor II-I repeat domain-containing protein 1 |
SDS-PAGE | sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis |
PVDF | polyvinylidene fluoride |
COL1 | collagen i |
COL3 | collagen iii |
COL6 | collagen vi |
MMP9 | matrix metalloproteinase 9 |
PGC-1α | proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1-alpha |
IBMX | 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine |
MAPK | mitogen-activated protein kinase |
DEX | dexamethasone |
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Liu, Y.; Li, Y.; Liang, J.; Sun, Z.; Wu, Q.; Liu, Y.; Sun, C. The Mechanism of Leptin on Inhibiting Fibrosis and Promoting Browning of White Fat by Reducing ITGA5 in Mice. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 12353. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms222212353
Liu Y, Li Y, Liang J, Sun Z, Wu Q, Liu Y, Sun C. The Mechanism of Leptin on Inhibiting Fibrosis and Promoting Browning of White Fat by Reducing ITGA5 in Mice. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22(22):12353. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms222212353
Chicago/Turabian StyleLiu, Yuexia, Yizhou Li, Juntong Liang, Zhuwen Sun, Qiong Wu, Yongnian Liu, and Chao Sun. 2021. "The Mechanism of Leptin on Inhibiting Fibrosis and Promoting Browning of White Fat by Reducing ITGA5 in Mice" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 22: 12353. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms222212353