Adaptor Molecules Epitranscriptome Reprograms Bacterial Pathogenicity
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. tRNA Epitranscriptome into the Bacterial Infectivity
2.1. tRNA Modification at the Wobble Position 34
2.2. ROS-Induced tRNA Modifications
2.3. Membrane-Associated tRNA Modifications
2.4. Temperature-Related tRNA Modifications
3. Methodologies for Detection of tRNA Modifications
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
VapC | Virulence associated protein C |
TrmB | tRNA (guanine-N(7)-)-methyltransferase |
TrmD | tRNA (guanine-N(1)-)-methyltransferase |
TrmJ | tRNA (cytidine/uridine-2′-O-)-methyltransferase |
IscS | iron-sulfur cluster assembly gene |
MnmA | tRNA-specific 2-thiouridylase |
TtcA | tRNA-cytidine(32) 2-sulfurtransferase |
ThiI | tRNA sulfurtransferase |
TtuA | RNA-5-methyluridine(54) 2-sulfurtransferase |
TsaB, TsaE | tRNA threonylcarbamoyladenosine biosynthesis proteins B and E |
TmcA | tRNA(Met) cytidine acetyltransferase |
TadA | tRNA-specific adenosine deaminase |
MiaA | tRNA dimethylallyltransferase |
TrmL | tRNA (cytidine(34)-2′-O)-methyltransferase |
TusA | Sulfur transfer protein |
ALKB | alkane hydroxylase |
ALKBH1 | AlkB homolog 1 |
GidA | glucose-inhibited division protein A |
MnmE | tRNA modification GTPase |
SpeB | Streptococcus pyrogenic exotoxin B |
VirF | virulence regulon transcriptional activator VirF |
DosR | dormancy survival regulator |
katA, katB | catalase A and B |
DnaA | chromosomal replication initiator protein |
LolB | lipoprotein localization protein |
OmpA | outer membrane protein A |
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Modification | tRNA | Writer | Organism | Function | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
(c)mnm5s2U34 | tRNAGln/tRNALys/tRNAGlu | GidA/MnmE | S. enterica |
| [58,59,60,61] |
E. coli |
| [63] | |||
S. mutans |
| [64] | |||
tRNALys/tRNALeu/tRNAArg | S. pyogenes |
| [65] | ||
A. hydrophila |
| [66] | |||
cmo5U34 | tRNAThr(UGU) | CmoB | M. bovis BCG |
| [27] |
Q34 | tRNATyr/tRNAHis/tRNAAsp/tRNAAsn | Tgt | S. flexneri |
| [67] |
ms2i6A37 | tRNAAxx | MiaA | S. flexneri |
| [67,68] |
m6A37 | tRNA1Val | YfiC | E. coli |
| [40] |
Cm32 Um32 Am32 | tRNAMet tRNATrp tRNAGln/tRNAPro/tRNAHis tRNAGln/tRNAPro | TrmJ | P. aeruginosa |
| [46] |
m7G46 | tRNAPhe/tRNAAsp | TrmB | P. aeruginosa |
| [47] |
s2C32 | TtcA | P. aeruginosa |
| [69] | |
m1G37 | tRNAPro | TrmD | E. coli/S. enterica |
| [70,71,72,73,74] |
Ψ55 | Universal | TruB | E. coli |
| [75] |
Universal | T. thermophilus |
| [76] | ||
m1A58 | tRNAAsp | TrmI | T. thermophilus |
| [77] |
m7G46 | tRNAPhe/tRNAIle | TrmB | T. thermophilus |
| [78] |
s2T54 | TtuA/TtuB | T. thermophilus |
| [79] |
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Kouvela, A.; Zaravinos, A.; Stamatopoulou, V. Adaptor Molecules Epitranscriptome Reprograms Bacterial Pathogenicity. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 8409. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22168409
Kouvela A, Zaravinos A, Stamatopoulou V. Adaptor Molecules Epitranscriptome Reprograms Bacterial Pathogenicity. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22(16):8409. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22168409
Chicago/Turabian StyleKouvela, Adamantia, Apostolos Zaravinos, and Vassiliki Stamatopoulou. 2021. "Adaptor Molecules Epitranscriptome Reprograms Bacterial Pathogenicity" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 16: 8409. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22168409