Chemotaxis of Beneficial Rhizobacteria to Root Exudates: The First Step towards Root–Microbe Rhizosphere Interactions
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Chemoeffectors in Root Exudates Sensed by Beneficial Rhizobacteria
3. Rhizobacterial MCPs Sensing the Rhizosphere Chemoeffectors
4. Role of Chemotaxis in Root–Microbe Interactions in Rhizosphere
5. Conclusions and Prospects
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Strains (Total Number of MCPs) | MCP | Chemoeffector | Binding Mode | References |
---|---|---|---|---|
Bacillus subtilis OI1085 (10) | McpA | Glucose, alpha-D-ethylglucoside | unknown | [27] |
McpB | Asparagine, aspartic acid, glutamine, histidine; methanol | direct | [27,28] | |
McpC | Proline, threonine, glycine, serine, valine, alanine, tyrosine, isoleucine, tryptophan, phenylalanine, leucine | direct | [29] | |
Asparagine, lysine, glutamine, methionine | indirect * | |||
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SQR9 (8) | McpA | Citric acid, aspartic acid | direct | [24] |
Glutamic acid, isoleucine, lysine, tyrosine, serine; phthalic acid, oxalic acid, malic acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid, adipic acid, dehydroascorbic acid, glyceric acid, 3-hydroxypropionic acid, gluconic acid, sodium decanoate; ribitol, mannose, ribose, fucose, hydroxycarbamate (r), fructose, galactose | unknown | |||
McpB | Glycine, tryptophan, asparagine, glutamine, serine, cysteine, methionine; salicylic acid (r), sodium decanoate (r), adipic acid, ribose, glyceric acid, 3-hydroxypropionic acid, gluconic acid, fructose | unknown | ||
McpC | Valine, alanine, proline, leucine, histidine, serine, threonine, cysteine, methionine; gluconic acid, succinic acid, maltose | unknown | ||
TlpA | DL-dithiothreitol (r), hydroxycarbamate (r), sodium decanoate (r), gluconic acid, maltose | unknown | ||
TlpB | Phenylalanine, threonine; malic acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid, salicylic acid (r), sodium decanoate (r), gluconic acid, pentadecanoic acid (r); ribose, fucose, maltose, fructose; dulcitol, inosine | unknown | ||
Pseudomonas putida KT2440 (27) | McpA | Glycine, alanine, cysteine, serine, asparagine, glutamine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, valine, isoleucine, methionine, arginine | direct | [30] |
McpG | γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) | direct | [31] | |
McpH | Adenine, guanine, hypoxanthine, purine, xanthine, uric acid | direct | [32] | |
McpP (s) | Acetate, pyruvate, propionate, L-lactate | direct | [33] | |
McpU | Agmatine, cadaverine, ethylenediamine, histamine, putrescine, spermidine | direct | [30,34,35] | |
Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 (37) | CtaA | Alanine, arginine, asparagine, cystine, glycine, histidine, isoleucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, serine, threonine, tyrosine, valine, leucine, proline | unknown | [36] |
CtaB | Alanine, arginine, asparagine, cystine, glycine, histidine, isoleucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, serine, threonine, tyrosine, valine, glutamine, glutamic acid | unknown | ||
CtaC | Arginine, cystine, glycine, methionine, threonine | unknown | ||
McpT (s) | L-malate, succinate | unknown | [37] | |
Sinorhizobium meliloti MV II-1 (8) | McpU | Proline | direct | [38,39] |
McpV (s) | Propionate, acetate, glycolate, pyruvate, acetoacetate, formate | direct | [26,39] | |
Butyrate, L-lactate, glyoxylate, methyl pyruvate, α-hydroxybutyrate, α-ketobutyrate; | unknown | |||
McpX | Choline, glycine betaine, stachydrine, trigonelline, choline, betonicine, proline betaine | direct | [39,40,41] |
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Feng, H.; Fu, R.; Hou, X.; Lv, Y.; Zhang, N.; Liu, Y.; Xu, Z.; Miao, Y.; Krell, T.; Shen, Q.; et al. Chemotaxis of Beneficial Rhizobacteria to Root Exudates: The First Step towards Root–Microbe Rhizosphere Interactions. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 6655. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22136655
Feng H, Fu R, Hou X, Lv Y, Zhang N, Liu Y, Xu Z, Miao Y, Krell T, Shen Q, et al. Chemotaxis of Beneficial Rhizobacteria to Root Exudates: The First Step towards Root–Microbe Rhizosphere Interactions. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22(13):6655. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22136655
Chicago/Turabian StyleFeng, Haichao, Ruixin Fu, Xueqin Hou, Yu Lv, Nan Zhang, Yunpeng Liu, Zhihui Xu, Youzhi Miao, Tino Krell, Qirong Shen, and et al. 2021. "Chemotaxis of Beneficial Rhizobacteria to Root Exudates: The First Step towards Root–Microbe Rhizosphere Interactions" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 13: 6655. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22136655