Circulatory Rejuvenated EPCs Derived from PAOD Patients Treated by CD34+ Cells and Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy Salvaged the Nude Mouse Limb against Critical Ischemia
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Ischemic/Normal Blood Flow (INBF) Ratio Measured by Laser Doppler Scan at Days 2, 7 and 14 after Left Femoral Artery Ligated and Totally Removed and Automatic Amputation of Distal Critical Ischemic Limb
2.2. The Protein Expressions of Endothelial Cell Functional Integrity in CLI Zone by Day 28 after CLI Procedure
2.3. Protein Expressions of Angiogenesis in CLI Zone by Day 28 after CLI Procedure
2.4. Protein Expressions of Fibrotic and Antifibrotic Biomarkers in CLI Zone by Day 28 after CLI Procedure
2.5. Protein Expressions of Apoptotic, Mitochondrial-Damaged and Mitochondrial-Integrity Biomarkers in CLI Zone by Day 28 after CLI Procedure
2.6. Cellular Expressions of Endothelial Cell and EPC Surface Markers in CLI Zone by Day 28 after CLI Procedure
2.7. Small Vessel Density in CLI Zone by Day 28 after CLI Procedure
2.8. Time Courses of Circulatory Endothelial Progenitor Cells among the Groups
3. Discussion
Study Limitation
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Ethics and Study Design
4.2. Procedure and Protocol for Isolation of Autologous CD34+ Cells and Intra-Superficial Femoral Artery Infusion
4.3. Procedure and Protocol of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy
4.4. Ethics of Animal Model Study
4.5. Animal Model of CLI, Animal Grouping and Strategic Treatments
4.6. Peripheral Blood Collected and Cultured for Endothelial Progenitor Cells
4.7. Measurement of Blood Flow with Laser Doppler
4.8. Vessel Density in CLI Area
4.9. Western Blot Analysis
4.10. Immunohistochemical (IHC) and Immunofluorescent (IF) Staining
4.11. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Chen, Y.-C.; Sheu, J.-J.; Chiang, J.Y.; Shao, P.-L.; Wu, S.-C.; Sung, P.-H.; Li, Y.-C.; Chen, Y.-L.; Huang, T.-H.; Chen, K.-H.; et al. Circulatory Rejuvenated EPCs Derived from PAOD Patients Treated by CD34+ Cells and Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy Salvaged the Nude Mouse Limb against Critical Ischemia. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21, 7887. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21217887
Chen Y-C, Sheu J-J, Chiang JY, Shao P-L, Wu S-C, Sung P-H, Li Y-C, Chen Y-L, Huang T-H, Chen K-H, et al. Circulatory Rejuvenated EPCs Derived from PAOD Patients Treated by CD34+ Cells and Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy Salvaged the Nude Mouse Limb against Critical Ischemia. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21(21):7887. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21217887
Chicago/Turabian StyleChen, Yin-Chia, Jiunn-Jye Sheu, John Y. Chiang, Pei-Lin Shao, Shun-Cheng Wu, Pei-Hsun Sung, Yi-Chen Li, Yi-Ling Chen, Tien-Hung Huang, Kuan-Hung Chen, and et al. 2020. "Circulatory Rejuvenated EPCs Derived from PAOD Patients Treated by CD34+ Cells and Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy Salvaged the Nude Mouse Limb against Critical Ischemia" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 21: 7887. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21217887