Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of the PERK Gene Family in Gossypium hirsutum Reveals Gene Duplication and Functional Divergence
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Identification of PERKs
2.2. Sequence Logos and Phylogenetic Analysis
2.3. Exon/Intron, Protein Motif and cis-element Analysis
2.4. Chromosomal Distribution, Gene Duplication and Synteny Analysis
2.5. Tissue-Specific Gene Expression Patterns and Abiotic Stress Responses
2.6. GhPERK Gene Expression in Response to Phytohormone Treatments
2.7. Regulatory Sub-Networks Involving GhPERK and Other G. hirsutum Genes
3. Discussion
3.1. GhPERK Genes Show Evolutionary Conservation
3.2. GhPERK Gene Family Duplication and Expansion
3.3. GhPERK Genes are Regulated by Abiotic and Hormonal Stresses
3.4. GhPERK co-expressed Genes Showed Functional Divergance
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Identification of PERK Protein Family Members
4.2. Sequence Logos and Phylogenetic Analysis
4.3. Exon/Intron, Protein Motifs and Promoter cis-elements Analysis
4.4. Genomic Distribution, Gene Duplication and Synteny Analysis
4.5. Expression Analysis, Stress Treatments, qRT-PCR and Co-expression Network Analysis
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
NaCl | Sodium chloride |
PEG | Polyethylene glycol |
GA | Gibberellic acid |
IAA | Indole-3-acetic acid |
BL | Brassinolide |
BRZ | Brassinazole |
PCZ | Propiconazole |
MeJA | Methyl jasmonate |
SA | Salicylic acid |
DPA | Days post-anthesis |
µM | Micro-molar |
Mya | Million years ago |
G. arboreum | Gossypium arboreum |
G. hirsutum | Gossypium hirsutum |
G. raimondii | Gossypium raimondii |
Z. mays | Zea mays |
O. sativa | Oryza sativa |
G. max | Glycine max |
A. thaliana | Arabidopsis thaliana |
P. trichocarpa | Populus trichocarpa |
T. cacao | Theobroma cacao |
S. bicolor | Sorghum bicolor |
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Qanmber, G.; Liu, J.; Yu, D.; Liu, Z.; Lu, L.; Mo, H.; Ma, S.; Wang, Z.; Yang, Z. Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of the PERK Gene Family in Gossypium hirsutum Reveals Gene Duplication and Functional Divergence. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20, 1750. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20071750
Qanmber G, Liu J, Yu D, Liu Z, Lu L, Mo H, Ma S, Wang Z, Yang Z. Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of the PERK Gene Family in Gossypium hirsutum Reveals Gene Duplication and Functional Divergence. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2019; 20(7):1750. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20071750
Chicago/Turabian StyleQanmber, Ghulam, Ji Liu, Daoqian Yu, Zhao Liu, Lili Lu, Huijuan Mo, Shuya Ma, Zhi Wang, and Zuoren Yang. 2019. "Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of the PERK Gene Family in Gossypium hirsutum Reveals Gene Duplication and Functional Divergence" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 7: 1750. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20071750