Fusaricidin Produced by Paenibacillus polymyxa WLY78 Induces Systemic Resistance against Fusarium Wilt of Cucumber
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. The fus Gene Cluster in P. polymyxa WLY78 Is Essential for Antifungal Activity
2.2. The Role of Each Gene within the fus Gene Cluster in Inhibition of F. oxysporum f. sp. cucumerium
2.3. P. polymyxa WLY78 Produces Seven Forms of Fusaricidins and Fixes Nitrogen
2.4. Fusaricidin Inhibits Spore Germination and Hypha Growth by Causing Cytoplasm Leakage
2.5. Fusaricidin Suppresses Fusarium Wilt of Cucumber In Vivo
2.6. Fusaricidin Is Involved in Inducing Systemic Resistance
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Microorganisms, Plasmids, and Culture Conditions
4.2. Disruption of the Gene Cluster Involved in Synthesis of the Potential Antifungal Substances
4.3. Mutation of Each Gene within the fus Gene Cluster
4.4. Antifungal Activity Assay
4.5. RT-PCR Analysis
4.6. Extraction, Purification, and Antifungal Activity Assay of Fusaricidin
4.7. Identification of Fusaricidin
4.8. Acetylene Reduction Assays of Nitrogenase Activity
4.9. Inhibitory Mode of Fusaricidin against F. oxysporum f. sp. cucumerium
4.10. Plant Growth Conditions
4.11. Biocontrol Efficacy Assay
4.12. Detection of Expression Levels of Plant Resistance Gene
4.13. Detection of Salicylic Acid
4.14. Statistical Analysis
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
fus | Fusaricidin biosynthesis gene |
pab | Paenicidin B biosynthesis gene |
pmx | Polymyxin biosynthesis gene |
pbt | Paenibacterin biosynthesis gene |
tri | Tridecaptin biosynthesis gene |
dhb | Bacillibactin biosynthesis gene |
pade | Paeninodin biosynthesis gene |
paen | Paenibacillin biosynthesis gene |
LC-MS | Liquid chromatography-mass spectrum |
PR | Pathogenesis-related |
ISR | Induced systemic resistance |
SAR | Systemic acquired resistance |
SA | Salicylic acid |
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Gene | Length (bp) | Accession NO. of GenBank | Predicted Product |
---|---|---|---|
fusTE | 1035 | AYC81014.1 | Alpa/beta hydrolase-thioesterase |
fusG | 771 | AYC81021.1 | Enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase |
fusF | 1461 | AYC81020.1 | Acyl-CoA ligase |
fusE | 1224 | AYC81019.1 | Aldehyde dehydrogenase |
fusD | 1701 | AYC81018.1 | Acetolactate synthase large subunit |
fusC | 1242 | AYC81017.1 | 3-Oxoacyl-acyl carrier protein synthase |
fusB | 408 | AYC81016.1 | (3R)-Hydroxymyristoyl-acyl carrier protein |
fusA | 23730 | AYC81015.1 | Non-ribosomal polypeptide synthetase |
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Li, Y.; Chen, S. Fusaricidin Produced by Paenibacillus polymyxa WLY78 Induces Systemic Resistance against Fusarium Wilt of Cucumber. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20, 5240. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20205240
Li Y, Chen S. Fusaricidin Produced by Paenibacillus polymyxa WLY78 Induces Systemic Resistance against Fusarium Wilt of Cucumber. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2019; 20(20):5240. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20205240
Chicago/Turabian StyleLi, Yunlong, and Sanfeng Chen. 2019. "Fusaricidin Produced by Paenibacillus polymyxa WLY78 Induces Systemic Resistance against Fusarium Wilt of Cucumber" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 20: 5240. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20205240