Urinary Neuropilin-1: A Predictive Biomarker for Renal Outcome in Lupus Nephritis
by
Maria Teresa Torres-Salido 1,†, Mireia Sanchis 2,†, Cristina Solé 2,*,†
, Teresa Moliné 3, Marta Vidal 3, Xavier Vidal 4, Anna Solà 5,6, Georgina Hotter 5,6, Josep Ordi-Ros 2 and Josefina Cortés-Hernández 2
Maria Teresa Torres-Salido 1,†, Mireia Sanchis 2,†, Cristina Solé 2,*,†, Teresa Moliné 3, Marta Vidal 3, Xavier Vidal 4, Anna Solà 5,6, Georgina Hotter 5,6, Josep Ordi-Ros 2 and Josefina Cortés-Hernández 2
1
Hospital Quironsalud del Vallés, Internal Medicine Department, 08202 Sabadell, Spain
2
Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Rheumatology research group, Lupus Unit, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
3
Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Department of Renal Pathology, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
4
Clinical Pharmacology Service, Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, Fundació Institut Català de Farmacologia, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
5
Department of Experimental Pathology, IIBB-CSIC-IDIBAPS, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
6
CIBER-BBN, Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20(18), 4601; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20184601
Received: 31 July 2019 / Revised: 5 September 2019 / Accepted: 10 September 2019 / Published: 17 September 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Research Updates in Immunopathogenesis, Biomarkers and Therapeutics)
At present, Lupus Nephritis (LN) is still awaiting a biomarker to better monitor disease activity, guide clinical treatment, and predict a patient’s long-term outcome. In the last decade, novel biomarkers have been identified to monitor the disease, but none have been incorporated into clinical practice. The transmembrane receptor neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) is highly expressed by mesangial cells and its genetic deletion results in proteinuric disease and glomerulosclerosis. NRP-1 is increased in kidney biopsies of LN. In this work we were interested in determining whether urinary NRP-1 levels could be a biomarker of clinical response in LN. Our results show that patients with active LN have increased levels of urinary NRP-1. When patients were divided according to clinical response, responders displayed higher urinary and tissue NRP-1 levels at the time of renal biopsy. Areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve, comparing baseline creatinine, proteinuria, urinary NRP-1, and VEGFA protein levels, showed NRP-1 to be an independent predictor for clinical response. In addition, in vitro studies suggest that NRP-1could promote renal recovery through endothelial proliferation and migration, mesangial migration and local T cell cytotoxicity. Based on these results, NRP-1 may be used as an early prognostic biomarker in LN.
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This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
MDPI and ACS Style
Torres-Salido, M.T.; Sanchis, M.; Solé, C.; Moliné, T.; Vidal, M.; Vidal, X.; Solà, A.; Hotter, G.; Ordi-Ros, J.; Cortés-Hernández, J. Urinary Neuropilin-1: A Predictive Biomarker for Renal Outcome in Lupus Nephritis. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20, 4601.
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