Diversity and Function of Somatostatin-Expressing Interneurons in the Cerebral Cortex
Abstract
:1. Introduction
Brief Overview on the Diversity of GABAergic Interneurons in the Brain
2. Development of SOM+ Interneurons
3. Distribution and Morphological Variety of SOM+ Interneurons
3.1. Distribution of SOM+ INs
3.2. Morphological Variety of SOM+ INs
4. Neurochemical Variety of SOM+ Interneurons
5. Electrophysiological Properties of SOM+ Interneurons
Firing Properties of SOM+ INs
6. Synaptic Connectivity of SOM+ INs
6.1. Synaptic Input onto SOM+ INs
6.2. Postsynaptic Targets of SOM+ INs
7. Role of SOM+ INs in Neuronal Circuits
7.1. Feedback Inhibition/Lateral Inhibition
7.2. Feed-Forward Inhibition
7.3. Disinhibition
8. Role of SOM+ Interneurons in Sensory Processing and in Learning and Memory
9. Role of SOM+ Interneurons in Mood Disorders
10. Outlook and Future Avenues in SOM+ IN Research
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
5-HT | 5-hydroxytryptamine |
ACh | Acetylcholine |
AHP | Afterhyperpolarization |
Ascl-1 | Achaete-scute homolog 1 |
BDNF | Brain-derived neurotrophic factor |
CCK | cholecystokinin |
CGE | Caudal ganglionic eminence |
CoupTF2 | Coup transcription factor 2 |
D1 | Dopamine receptor 1 |
D2 | Dopamine receptor 2 |
DA | Dopamine |
Dlx-1/-2 | Distal-less homeobox ½ |
FS | Fast-spiking |
GABA | Gamma aminobutyric acid |
GFP | Green fluorescent protein |
GIN | GFP-expressing inhibitory interneurons |
L | Cortical layer |
LTS | Low-threshold spike |
MGE | Medial ganglionic eminence |
NA | Noradrenaline |
nNOS | Neuronal nitric oxide synthase |
NO | Nitric oxide |
NPY | Neuropeptide Y |
POA | Preoptic area |
PV | Parvalbumin |
RSNP | Regular-spiking non-pyramidal |
SOM | Somatostatin |
V1 | Primary visual cortex |
VIP | Vasoactive intestinal peptide |
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Riedemann, T. Diversity and Function of Somatostatin-Expressing Interneurons in the Cerebral Cortex. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20, 2952. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20122952
Riedemann T. Diversity and Function of Somatostatin-Expressing Interneurons in the Cerebral Cortex. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2019; 20(12):2952. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20122952
Chicago/Turabian StyleRiedemann, Therese. 2019. "Diversity and Function of Somatostatin-Expressing Interneurons in the Cerebral Cortex" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 12: 2952. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20122952