Cellular and Molecular Mediators of Bone Metastatic Lesions
1
Bone Physiopathology Group, Multifactorial Disease and Complex Phenotype Research Area, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, 00146 Rome, Italy
2
Department of Radiotherapy, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00146 Rome, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2018, 19(6), 1709; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19061709
Received: 7 May 2018 / Revised: 1 June 2018 / Accepted: 6 June 2018 / Published: 8 June 2018
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bone Metastasis: Pathophysiology and Molecular Mechanisms)
Bone is the preferential site of metastasis for breast and prostate tumor. Cancer cells establish a tight relationship with the host tissue, secreting factors that stimulate or inhibit bone cells, receiving signals generated from the bone remodeling activity, and displaying some features of bone cells. This interplay between tumor and bone cells alters the physiological bone remodeling, leading to the generation of a vicious cycle that promotes bone metastasis growth. To prevent the skeletal-related events (SRE) associated with bone metastasis, approaches to inhibit osteoclast bone resorption are reported. The bisphosphonates and Denosumab are currently used in the treatment of patients affected by bone lesions. They act to prevent or counteract the SRE, including pathologic fractures, spinal cord compression, and pain associated with bone metastasis. However, their primary effects on tumor cells still remain controversial. In this review, a description of the mechanisms leading to the onset of bone metastasis and clinical approaches to treat them are described.
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Keywords:
bone metastasis; osteoclast; osteoblast
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MDPI and ACS Style
Battafarano, G.; Rossi, M.; Marampon, F.; Del Fattore, A. Cellular and Molecular Mediators of Bone Metastatic Lesions. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2018, 19, 1709. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19061709
AMA Style
Battafarano G, Rossi M, Marampon F, Del Fattore A. Cellular and Molecular Mediators of Bone Metastatic Lesions. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2018; 19(6):1709. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19061709
Chicago/Turabian StyleBattafarano, Giulia; Rossi, Michela; Marampon, Francesco; Del Fattore, Andrea. 2018. "Cellular and Molecular Mediators of Bone Metastatic Lesions" Int. J. Mol. Sci. 19, no. 6: 1709. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19061709
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