Disease Resistance Gene Analogs (RGAs) in Plants
1
Cereal Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Morden, MB R6M 1Y5, Canada
2
National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cytogenetics Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
3
Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0C6, Canada
4
Plant Science Department, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N6, Canada
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Academic Editor: Marcello Iriti
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2015, 16(8), 19248-19290; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms160819248
Received: 20 May 2015 / Revised: 1 August 2015 / Accepted: 6 August 2015 / Published: 14 August 2015
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Molecular Biology)
Plants have developed effective mechanisms to recognize and respond to infections caused by pathogens. Plant resistance gene analogs (RGAs), as resistance (R) gene candidates, have conserved domains and motifs that play specific roles in pathogens’ resistance. Well-known RGAs are nucleotide binding site leucine rich repeats, receptor like kinases, and receptor like proteins. Others include pentatricopeptide repeats and apoplastic peroxidases. RGAs can be detected using bioinformatics tools based on their conserved structural features. Thousands of RGAs have been identified from sequenced plant genomes. High-density genome-wide RGA genetic maps are useful for designing diagnostic markers and identifying quantitative trait loci (QTL) or markers associated with plant disease resistance. This review focuses on recent advances in structures and mechanisms of RGAs, and their identification from sequenced genomes using bioinformatics tools. Applications in enhancing fine mapping and cloning of plant disease resistance genes are also discussed.
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Keywords:
disease resistance gene; gene mining; nucleotide binding site leucine rich repeat (NBS-LRR); pentatricopeptide repeats (PPRs); resistance gene analog (RGA); receptor like kinase (RLK); receptor like protein (RLP); small RNA (sRNA)
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This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
MDPI and ACS Style
Sekhwal, M.K.; Li, P.; Lam, I.; Wang, X.; Cloutier, S.; You, F.M. Disease Resistance Gene Analogs (RGAs) in Plants. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2015, 16, 19248-19290. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms160819248
AMA Style
Sekhwal MK, Li P, Lam I, Wang X, Cloutier S, You FM. Disease Resistance Gene Analogs (RGAs) in Plants. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2015; 16(8):19248-19290. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms160819248
Chicago/Turabian StyleSekhwal, Manoj K.; Li, Pingchuan; Lam, Irene; Wang, Xiue; Cloutier, Sylvie; You, Frank M. 2015. "Disease Resistance Gene Analogs (RGAs) in Plants" Int. J. Mol. Sci. 16, no. 8: 19248-19290. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms160819248
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