Sinomenine Hydrochloride Protects against Polymicrobial Sepsis via Autophagy
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. SIN-HCl Protected against Polymicrobial Sepsis in Model Mice and Attenuated Multiple Organ Dysfunction and Systemic Inflammatory Response
2.2. CLP-Induced Autophagy in Multiple Organs Was Strengthened in SIN-HCl Treatment in Mice
2.3. SIN-HCl Blocked Lps-Induced Inflammatory Cytokine Release Induced by LPS and Increased Autophagy in Peritoneal Macrophages (PM)
2.4. The Effects of 3-MA on SIN-HCl-Induced Autophagy and Inflammatory Responses in PM
3. Discussion
4. Experimental Section
4.1. Materials
4.2. Animals
4.3. CLP Model and SIN-HCl Treatment
4.4. Serum Biochemical Parameters and Cytokine Determination
4.5. Morphological Analysis
4.6. Western Blotting Analyses
4.7. Isolation of Peritoneal Macrophages and Cell Treatments
4.8. Immunofluorescence Staining
4.9. Statistical Analyses
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Abbreviation
SIN | Sinomenine |
SIN-HCl | Sinomenine hydrochloride |
CLP | Cecal ligation and puncture |
PM | Peritoneal macrophages |
LPS | Lipopolysaccharide |
LC3-II | Microtubule-associated protein light chain 3-II |
LC3-I | Microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain-3-I |
TNF-α | Tumor necrosis factor α |
IL-6 | Interleukin 6 |
3-MA | 3-Methyladenine |
ICU | Intensive care unit |
ELISA | Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay |
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Jiang, Y.; Gao, M.; Wang, W.; Lang, Y.; Tong, Z.; Wang, K.; Zhang, H.; Chen, G.; Liu, M.; Yao, Y.; et al. Sinomenine Hydrochloride Protects against Polymicrobial Sepsis via Autophagy. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2015, 16, 2559-2573. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms16022559
Jiang Y, Gao M, Wang W, Lang Y, Tong Z, Wang K, Zhang H, Chen G, Liu M, Yao Y, et al. Sinomenine Hydrochloride Protects against Polymicrobial Sepsis via Autophagy. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2015; 16(2):2559-2573. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms16022559
Chicago/Turabian StyleJiang, Yu, Min Gao, Wenmei Wang, Yuejiao Lang, Zhongyi Tong, Kangkai Wang, Huali Zhang, Guangwen Chen, Meidong Liu, Yongming Yao, and et al. 2015. "Sinomenine Hydrochloride Protects against Polymicrobial Sepsis via Autophagy" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 16, no. 2: 2559-2573. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms16022559