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Article

A Facile and Convenient Synthesis of some Novel Hydrazones, Schiff’s Base and Pyrazoles Incorporating Thieno[2,3-b]thiophenes

by
Yahia Nasser Mabkhot
*,
Assem Barakat
*,
Abdullah Mohammed Al-Majid
,
Zeid A. Al-Othman
and
Abdullah Saleh Alamary
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2011, 12(11), 7824-7834; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms12117824
Submission received: 8 October 2011 / Revised: 25 October 2011 / Accepted: 31 October 2011 / Published: 11 November 2011
(This article belongs to the Section Physical Chemistry, Theoretical and Computational Chemistry)
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Abstract

:
A facile and convenient synthesis of some novel hydrazones, schiff’s base and pyrazoles from thieno[2,3-b]thiophene derivatives 1 have been achieved in high yields assisted by microwave and classical methods. The structures of all the title compounds have been elucidated by elemental analysis, IR, MS, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR. Generally, these findings represent a new class of sulfur and nitrogen moieties that should also be of interest as new materials.

1. Introduction

Substituted thieno[2,3-b]thiophenes [1] have been extensively investigated for their biological or physical properties. The interest in this kind of heterocycles has spread from early dye chemistry [2] to modern drug design, [3] biodiagnostics, [4] electronic and optoelectronic devices, [5] conductivity-based sensors, [6] and self-assembled superstructures [7]. Thienothiophenes derivatives are valuable building blocks in synthetic organic chemistry [8–10]. Mabkhot and others [11–20] have reported a variety of syntheses of heteroaromatics developed using functionally substituted thieno[2,3-b]thiophenes as readily obtainable building blocks possessing multiple electrophilic and nucleophilic moieties. We decided to take advantage of our recent results in the synthesis of bis-heterocycles thieno[2,3-b]thiophenes derivatives [21,22], to extend the synthesis of a variety of schiff’s base and hydrazones bis-heterocycles systems for biological and pharmacological evaluation.

2. Results and Discussion

We chose to combine the N-terminal and central portions of analogues first. Construction of the substituted thienothiophenes 2a,b proceeded from initial condensation of the [2,3-b]thienothiophene central constraints with hydrazine derivatives. An example of our initial synthetic approach is outlined in Scheme 1.
[2,3-b]thienothiophene hydrazine 2a was prepared from 1 with N-nucleophile such as hydrazine in EtOH under reflux for 4h in the presence of catalytic amount of TFA (trifluoro acetic acid) afforded 2a and the condensation proceeded in 75% yield. The structure of the product was substantiated by the 1HNMR (DMSO-d6) of compound 2a revealing two singlet signal at δ 2.19 and 2.05 ppm which were readily assigned to the 12H attached at CH3, and a singlet at δ 4.55 (4H, s) assigned to the –NH2. The IR spectra of compound 2a indicated a characteristic adsorption band at 3340–3217 cm−1 for the NH2 group.
Nevertheless, Phenylhydrazones 2b were then synthesized in almost quantitative yields by the reaction between phenylhydrazine and 1. The structure of phenylhydrazone derivatives was established on the basis of their elemental analysis and spectral data.
Microwave (MW) irradiation has been widely exploited in recent decades to carry out a striking number of organic syntheses, benefiting from dielectric heating in terms of reduced reaction times and increased yields, especially when coupled with solvent-free techniques. One of the most fertile applications in this field, also known as Microwave Assisted Organic Syntheses (MAOS) technique is heterocyclic chemistry, as reported in a recent review [23]. In particular, the synthetic pathways of pyrazole derivatives represent an interesting topic since these compounds have numerous applications in the pharmaceutical and agrochemical industry [24]. Some of the most widespread synthetic strategies to obtain these heterocyclic structures are the reactions between hydrazines with β-difunctional compounds [25] and 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of diazo compounds onto multiple bonds [26].
Another approach which has been investigated would afford the pyrazole after an elimination/aromatization of the cycloadduct intermediate. On the basis of these studies in the present work, we utilized simple and mild solvent-free microwave mediated methodologies for the synthesis of pyrazoles derivatives from α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds. α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds 3a–c were obtained starting from thieno [2,3-b] thiophene 1 coupled with corresponding aldehyde under microwave activation in the presence of ZnCl2. Pyrazoles derivatives 4a–f were prepared following the classical procedure (ketone plus hydrazine derivatives in ethanol at reflux in very good yield as depicted in Scheme 2. The novel bis pyrazoles 4a–f were assumed to be formed via a stepwise formation of hydrazone followed by a Michael 1,4-addition of the nucleophile nitrogen atom. We then decided to investigate the generality of this strategy and focused on the preparation of thieno[2,3-b]thiophenes pyrazole derivatives 4a–f.
The utility of thieno[2,3-b]thiophenes 1 in the synthesis of schiff’s base bis-heterocycles 5a,b was further explored via its reaction with aniline derivatives under microwave activation in the presence of ZnCl2. It is assumed that the product 5a,b was formed via initial formation of nonisolable phenylamino ethanol derivatives followed by elimination of water molecules to give the desired product 5a,b as drawn in Scheme 3. Spectral data (IR, NMR, MS) and elemental analysis was consistent with isolated product 5a,b.
On the other hand, the study was extended to investigate the behavoir of thieno[2,3-b]thiophenes derivatives 1 with different N-nucleophile like 1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-amine and 1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-amine with a view to synthesizing various schiff’s base bis-heterocycles ring system. Thus, the reaction of 1 with these compounds in refluxing ethanol, in the presence of catalytic amount of ZnCl2, furnished the corresponding products 6 and 7 in very good to excellent yields Scheme 4.

3. Experimental Section

All melting points were measured on a Gallenkamp melting point apparatus in open glass capillaries and are uncorrected. IR spectra were measured as KBr pellets on a perking elmer FT 1000 spectrophotometer. The NMR spectra were recorded on a Varian Mercury Jeol-400 NMR spectrometer. 1H-NMR (400 MHz) and 13C-NMR (100 MHz) were run in deuterated dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO-d6). Chemical shifts (δ) are referred in terms of ppm and J -coupling constants are given in Hz. Abbreviations for multiplicity are as follows: s (singulet), d (doublet), t (triplet), q (quadruplet), m (multiplet). Mass spectra were recorded on a Shimadzu GCMS-QP 1000 EX mass spectrometer at 70 eV (EI). Elemental analysis was carried out on an Elementar Vario EL analyzer.

3.1. General Method for Preparation of Compounds Derivatives 2a,b (GP1)

A mixture of Compound 1 (0.25 g, 1 mmol) with hydrazine derivatives (2 mmol) in absolute ethanol (20 mL, 99.9%) was refluxed for 4 h in the presence of TEA (triethyl amine). The reaction mixture was left to cool to RT. The formed solid product was filtered off and recrystallized from EtOH/DMF to afforded the corresponding hydrazones 2a,b.

(3,4-dimethylthieno[2,3-b]thiophene-2,5-diyl)bis(ethan-1-yl-1-ylidene) bis (hydrazine) (2a)

Compound 2a was prepared from hydrazine followed GP1 as yellow light scales crystals; Yield (95%); m.p.: 181 °C; IR (KBr) νmax 3340–3217 (NH2), 1625 (C=N) cm−1; 1H-NMR: δ 2.19, 2.05 (s, 12H, CH3), 4.55 (s, 4H, NH2); 13C-NMR: δ 15.0, 16.1, 126.8, 132.6, 140.1, 141.7, 157.5; MS m/z (%): 282 (M+2, 46), 280 (M+, 87), 266 (18), 248 (51); Anal. for C12H16N4S2 (280.41) calcd; C, 51.40; H, 5.75; N, 19.98; S, 22.87. Found: C, 51.10; H, 5.45; N, 19.68; S, 22.57.

(3,4-dimethylthieno[2,3-b]thiophene-2,5-diyl)bis(ethan-1-yl-1-ylidene)bis(1-phenylhydrazine) (2b)

Compound 2b was prepared from phenylhydrazine followed GP1 as yellow powder crystals; Yield (75%); m.p.: 194 °C; IR (KBr) νmax 3202 (NH), 1580 (C=N) cm−1; 1H-NMR: δ 2.28, 2.19 (s, 12H, 2 CH3), 6.91–7.35 (m, 10H, ArH’s), 12.2 (br, 2H, NH); 13C-NMR: δ 14.8, 17.2, 113.2, 122.4, 123.2, 123.9, 127.2, 135.8, 140.7, 142.5, 157.5; MS m/z (%): 434 (M+, 17), 432 (M+, 35), 418 (56), 404 (25); Anal. for C24H24N4S2 (432.60) calcd; C, 66.63; H, 5.59; N, 12.95; S, 14.82. Found: C, 66.33; H, 5.89; N, 12.65; S, 14.52.

3.2. General Method for Preparation of Compounds Derivatives 3a–3c (GP2)

A mixture of Compound 1 (0.25 g, 1 mmol) and aromatic aldhyde (2 mmol) with the addition of zinc chloride as a catalyst, was exposed to microwave irradiation at for 3–5 min. The formed solid product was filtered off and recrystallized from ethanol afforded the corresponding derivatives 3a–c.

1,1′-(3,4-dimethylthieno[2,3-b]thiophene-2,5-diyl)bis(3-phenylprop-2-en-1-one) (3a)

Compound 3a was prepared from benzaldehyde followed GP2 as dark yellow powder crystals; Yield (75%); m.p.: 210 °C; IR (KBr) νmax: 1651 (C=O), 1573 (C=C) cm−1; 1H-NMR: δ 2.26 (s, 6H, CH3), 8.24 (d, 2H, J = 12.6 Hz, ethylene), 8.81 (d, 2H, J = 12.6 Hz, ethylene), 7.46–7.50 (m, 12H, ArH’s); 13C-NMR: δ 15.6, 113.3, 145.0, 126.2, 129.8, 129.9, 133.7, 138.6, 141.5, 147.7, 148.2, 186.6; MS m/z (%): 428 (M+, 80), 427 (M+, 75), 413 (20), 274(100); Anal. for C26H20O2S2 (428.57) calcd; C, 72.87; H, 4.70; O, 7.47; S, 14.96. Found: C, 72.57; H, 4.40; O, 7.77; S, 14.66.

1,1′-(3,4-dimethylthieno[2,3-b]thiophene-2,5-diyl)bis(3-(4-chlorophenyl)prop-2- en-1-one) (3b)

Compound 3b was prepared from p-chlorobenzaldehyde followed GP2 as greenish yellow cubes crystals; Yield (88%); m.p.: 265 °C; IR (KBr) νmax: 1721 (C=O), 1580 (C=C) cm−1; 1H-NMR: δ 2.33 (s, 6H, CH3), 7.70 (d, 2H, J = 12.4 Hz, ethylene), 8.47 (d, 2H, J = 12.6 Hz, ethylene), 7.93 (d, 2H, J = 8.8 Hz, ArH’s), 7.80(d, 2H, J = 8.8 Hz, ArH’s); 13C-NMR: δ 14.8, 112.6, 145.4, 125.8, 129.2, 131.1, 134.8, 137.1, 142.3, 148.3, 148.8, 185.8; MS m/z (%):498 (M+, 14), 496 (M+, 26), 495 (58), 426 (8); Anal. for C26H18Cl2O2S2 (497.46) calcd; C, 62.78; H, 3.65; Cl, 14.25; O, 6.43; S, 12.89. Found: C, 62.48; H, 3.35; Cl, 14.55; O, 6.13; S, 12.59.

1,1′-(3,4-dimethylthieno[2,3-b]thiophene-2,5-diyl)bis(3-(4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one) (3c)

Compound 3c was prepared from p-methoxybenzaldehyde followed GP2 as willowish white needles crystals; Yield (65%); m.p.: 239 °C; IR (KBr) νmax: 1732 (C=O), 1596 (C=C) cm−1; 1H-NMR: δ 2.29 (s, 6H, CH3), 3.49 (s, 6H, OCH3), 8.16 (d, 2H, J = 12.2 Hz, ethylene), 8.80 (d, 2H, J = 12.8 Hz, ethylene), 7.55 (d, 2H, J = 8.8 Hz, ArH’s), 7.97 (d, 2H, J = 8.8Hz, ArH’s); 13C-NMR: δ 16.2, 113.9, 145.6, 126.5, 128.8, 128.9, 136.0, 138.7, 140.7, 147.1, 147.8, 186.1; MS m/z (%): 488 (M+, 37), 487 (M+, 18), 474 (7), 457 (86); Anal. for C28H24O4S2 (488.62) calcd; C, 68.83; H, 4.95; S, 13.12 Found: C, 68.83; H, 4.65; S, 13.42.

3.3. General Method for Preparation of Compounds Derivatives 4a–f (GP3)

To a mixture of 1,1′-(3,4-dimethylthieno[2,3-b]thiophene-2,5-diyl)bis(3-arylprop-2-en-1-one) derivatives (3a–c) (1 mmol) with hydrazine or phenylhydrazine (2 mmol) in mixture absolute ethanol (20 mL, 99.9%) and DMF (2–3 mL) was refluxed for 4–6 h. the reaction mixture was left to cool to RT. The formed solid product was filtered off and recrystallized from EtOH/DMF to afford the corresponding derivatives 4a–f.

3,3′-(3,4-dimethylthieno[2,3-b]thiophene-2,5-diyl)bis (5-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole) (4a)

Compound 4a was prepared according to GP3 as yellow needles crystals; Yield (74%); m.p.: 270 °C; IR (KBr) νmax: 3250 (NH), 1624 (C=N) cm−1; 1H-NMR: δ 2.30 (s, 6H, CH3), 3.04 (dd, 4H, J = 10.5 Hz, J = 14.6 Hz, Methylene), 3.77 (dd, 4H, J = 10.5 Hz, J = 16.4 Hz, Methylene), 4.85 (dd, 4H, J = 10.2 Hz, J = 16.6 Hz, Methine), 7.27–7.39 (m, 12H, ArH’s), 8.84 (br, 2H, NH); 13C-NMR: δ 14.8, 51.3, 64.0, 121.9, 125.8, 126.0, 127.3, 138.6, 141.5, 147.8,148.4, 162.0; MS m/z (%): 456 (M+, 6), 454 (M+, 11), 441 (22), 240 (31); Anal. for C26H24N4S2 (456.63) calcd; C, 68.39; H, 5.30; N, 12.27; S, 14.04 Found: C, 68.09; H, 5.60; N, 11.97; S, 13.74.

3,3′-(3,4-dimethylthieno[2,3-b]thiophene-2,5-diyl)bis(1,5-diphenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole) (4b)

Compound 4b was prepared according to GP3 as light brown powder; Yield (65%); m.p.: 300 °C; IR (KBr) νmax: 1585 (C=N) cm−1; 1H-NMR: δ 2.32 (s, 6H, CH3), 3.13 (dd, 4H, J = 10.6 Hz, J = 14.1 Hz, Methylene), 3.76 (dd, 4H, J = 10.2 Hz, J = 16.1 Hz, Methylene), 4.88 (dd, 4H, J = 10.6 Hz, J = 16.2 Hz, Methine), 7.22–7.50 (m, 24H, ArH’s); 13C-NMR: δ 14.8, 51.6, 65.2, 121.8, 122.2, 124.7, 125.8, 126.8, 128.2, 129.3, 131.8, 137.3, 140.5, 142.2, 144.7, 161.2; MS m/z (%): 608 (M+, 17), 606 (M+, 67), 593 (13), 531(58); Anal. for C38H32N4S2 (608.82) calcd; C, 74.97; H, 5.30; N, 9.20; S, 10.53 Found: C, 74.67; H, 5.00; N, 9.50; S, 10.23.

3,3′-(3,4-dimethylthieno[2,3-b]thiophene-2,5-diyl)bis(5-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole) (4c)

Compound 4c was prepared according to GP3 as yellowish white powder; Yield (75%); m.p.: 320 °C; IR (KBr) νmax: 3298 (NH), 1620 (C=N) cm−1; 1H-NMR: δ 2.35 (s, 6H, CH3), 3.04 (dd, 4H, J = 10.6 Hz, J = 14.1 Hz, Methylene), 3.77 (dd, 4H, J = 10.2 Hz, J = 16.1 Hz, Methylene), 4.81 (dd, 4H, J = 10.66 Hz, J = 16.22 Hz, Methine), 7.90 (d, 2H, J = 8.8 Hz, ArH’s), 8.30 (d, 2H, J = 8.8 Hz, ArH’s), 8.87 (br, 2H, NH); 13C-NMR: δ 15.4, 52.2, 64.3, 126.6,128.7, 131.1, 132.4, 136.6, 142.0, 142.9, 146.6, 158.8; MS m/z (%): 526 (M+, 61), 524 (M+, 82), 522 (17), 509(26); Anal. for C26H22Cl2N4S2 (525.52) calcd; C, 59.42; H, 4.22; Cl, 13.49; N, 10.66; S, 12.20. Found: C, 59.12; H, 4.52; Cl, 13.19; N, 10.36; S, 12.50.

3,3′-(3,4-dimethylthieno[2,3-b]thiophene-2,5-diyl)bis(5-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1Hpyrazole) (4d)

Compound 4d was prepared according to GP3 as brown cubes Crystals; Yield (67%); m.p.: 320 °C; IR (KBr) νmax: 1584 (C=N) cm−1; 1H-NMR: δ 2.31 (s, 6H, CH3), 3.23 (dd, 4H, J = 10.6 Hz, J = 14.1 Hz, Methylene), 3.79 (dd, 4H, J = 10.2 Hz, J = 16.1 Hz, Methylene), 4.83 (dd, 4H, J = 10.5 Hz, J = 16.2 Hz, Methine), 7.24–7.29 (m, 10H, phenyl), 7.92 (d, 2H, J = 8.8 Hz, ArH’s), 8.00 (d, 2H, J = 8.8 Hz, ArH’s); 13C-NMR: δ 15.6, 50.8, 63.8, 120.3, 122.6, 124.8, 125.4, 125.9, 127.1, 130.6, 133.5, 135.6, 143.3, 143.9, 145.2, 158.8; MS m/z (%): 678 (M+, 13), 676 (M+, 78), 661 (9), 641 (84); Anal. for C38H30Cl2N4S2 (677.71) calcd; C, 67.35; H, 4.46; Cl, 10.46; N, 8.27; S, 9.46. Found: C, 67.05; H, 4.16; Cl, 10.16; N, 8.57; S, 9.16.

3,3′-(3,4-dimethylthieno[2,3-b]thiophene-2,5-diyl)bis(5-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1Hpyrazole)( 4e)

Compound 4e was prepared according to GP3 as yellow powder crystals; Yield (77%); m.p.: 295 °C; IR (KBr) νmax: 3272 (NH), 1582 (C=N) cm−1; 1H-NMR: δ 2.34 (s, 6H, CH3), 3.48 (s, 6H, Methoxy), 3.75 (dd, 4H, J = 10.6 Hz, J = 14.1 Hz, Methylene), 3.80 (dd, 4H, J = 10.5 Hz, J = 16.4 Hz, Methylene), 4.85 (dd, 4H, J = 10.5 Hz, J = 16.2 Hz, Methine), 7.56 (d, 2H, J = 8.8 Hz, ArH’s), 7.95 (d, 2H, J = 8.8 Hz, ArH’s), 8.90 (br, 2H, NH); 13C-NMR: δ 14.7, 41.6, 53.1, 65.6, 126.1, 127.9, 131.4, 134.2, 134.5, 146.0, 148.2, 148.6, 161.9; MS m/z (%): 516 (M+, 88), 514 (M+, 56), 501 (62), 485 (9); Anal. for C28H28N4O2S2 (516.68) calcd; C, 65.09; H, 5.46; N, 10.84; S, 12.41. Found: C, 64.79; H, 5.16; N, 10.54; S, 12.11.

3,3′-(3,4-dimethylthieno[2,3-b]thiophene-2,5-diyl)bis(5-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1Hpyrazole)( 4f)

Compound 4f was prepared according to GP3 as dark yellow powder crystals; Yield (85%); m.p.: 300 °C; IR (KBr) νmax: 1622 (C=N) cm−1; 1H-NMR: δ 2.28 (s, 6H, CH3), 3.47(s, 6H, Methoxy), 3.02 (dd, 4H, J = 10.6 Hz, J = 14.6 Hz, Mthylene), 3.76 (dd, 4H, J = 10.5 Hz, J = 16.4 Hz, Mthylene), 4.87 (dd, 4H, J = 10.5 Hz, J = 16.2 Hz, Methine), 7.22–7.28 (m, 10H, phenyl), 7.58 (d, 2H, J = 8.8 Hz, ArH’s), 7.96 (d, 2H, J = 8.8 Hz, ArH’s); 13C-NMR: δ 14.6, 42.6, 55.1, 66.0, 119.86, 122.74, 124.3, 126.1, 126.2, 128.1, 131.1, 133.6, 135.9, 145.7, 147.2, 148.4, 162.3; MS m/z (%):668 (M+, 88), 666 (M+, 16), 653 (38), 638 (58); Anal. for C40H36N4O2S2 (516.68) calcd; C, 71.83; H, 5.42; N, 8.38; S, 9.59. Found: C, 71.53; H, 5.22; N, 8.08; S, 9.89.

3.4. General Method for Preparation of Compounds Derivatives 5a,b (GP4)

A mixture of Compound 1 (0.25 g, 1 mmol) with aniline derivatives (2 mmol) with the addition of zinc chloride as a catalyst, was exposed to microwave irradiation at for 5–6 min. The formed solid product was filtered off and recrystallized from ethanol afforded the corresponding derivatives 3a–c. (3,4-dimethylthieno[2,3-b]thiophene-2,5-diyl)bis(ethan-1-yl-1-ylidene) aniline derivatives (5a). Compound 5a was prepared from aniline followed GP4 as white scales crystals; Yield (75%); m.p.: 260 °C; IR (KBr) νmax: 1600 (C=N) cm−1; 1H-NMR: δ 2.33, 2.05 (s, 12H, CH3), 6.48–6.99 (m, 10H, aromatic); 13C-NMR: δ 15.6, 24.07, 122.0, 126.0, 126.9, 127.6, 138.5, 141.8, 148.0, 148.3, 166.0; MS m/z (%): 402 (M+, 98), 400 (M+, 42), 387 (76), 248 (58); Anal. for C24H22N2S2 (402.57) calcd; C, 71.60; H, 5.51; N, 6.96; S, 15.93. Found: C, 71.30; H, 5.21; N, 6.66; S, 15.63.

(3,4-dimethylthieno[2,3-b]thiophene-2,5-diyl)bis(ethan-1-yl-1-ylidene)bis(4-chloroaniline)(5b)

Compound 5b was prepared from p-chloroaniline followed GP4 as yellowish white powder Crystals; Yield (66%); m.p.: 230 °C; IR (KBr) νmax: 1575 (C=N) cm−1; 1H-NMR: δ 2.25, 2.12 (s, 12H, CH3), 6.50 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H, ArH’s), 6.72 (d, J =7.2 Hz, 2H, ArH’s); 13C-NMR: δ 14.8, 23.8, 125.3, 127.4, 128.2, 131.1, 137.2, 139.1, 146.4, 147.8, 164.5; MS m/z (%):472 (M+, 56), 470 (M+, 48), 468 (9), 435 (18); Anal. for C24H20Cl2N2S2 (471.46) calcd; C, 61.14; H, 4.28; Cl, 15.04; N, 5.94; S, 13.60. Found: C, 61.44; H, 3.98; Cl, 14.74; N, 5.64; S, 13.30.

(3,4-dimethylthieno[2,3-b]thiophene-2,5-diyl)bis(ethan-1-yl-1-ylidene)bis(1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-amine) (6)

A mixture of Compound 1 (0.25 g, 1 mmol) with amino triazole (0.16 mL, 2 mmol) in absolute ethanol (20 mL, 99.9%) with addition of a little DMF (2 mL) was refluxed for 7–8 h. then left to cool. The formed solid product was filtered off and recrystallized from EtOH/DMF to afforded the corresponding compound 6 as dark yellow powder Crystals; Yield (78%); m.p.: 256 °C; IR (KBr) νmax 3332 (NH), 1620 (C=N) cm−1; 1H-NMR: δ 2.10, 2.64 (s, 12H, CH3), 7.86 (s, 2H, triazole), 13.02 (s, 2H, NH); 13C-NMR: δ 14.2, 20.2, 145.0, 155.2, 135.9, 141.5, 147.8, 148.2, 162.3; MS m/z (%): 384 (M+, 83), 382 (M+, 15), 369 (26), 275 (46); Anal. for C16H16N8S2 (384.48) calcd; C, 49.98; H, 4.19; N, 29.14; S, 16.68 Found: C, 49.68; H, 4.49; N, 28.84; S, 16.38.

(3,4-dimethylthieno[2,3-b]thiophene-2,5-diyl)bis(ethan-1-yl-1-ylidene)bis(1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2- amine) (7)

A mixture of Compound 1 (0.25 g, 1 mmol) with amino benzoimidazol (0.26 mL, 2 mmol) in absolute ethanol (20 mL, 99.9%) with addition a little of DMF (2 mL) was refluxed for 7–8 h. then left to cool. The formed solid product was filtered off and recrystallized from EtOH/DMF to afforded the corresponding compound 7 as greenish yellow powder Crystals; Yield (92%); m.p.: 320 °C; IR (KBr) νmax: 3331 (NH), 1600 (C=N) cm−1; 1H-NMR: δ 1.23, 2.82 (s, 12H, CH3), 7.15–7.35 (m, 8H, Benzoimidazol), 7.74 (s, 2H, NH); 13C-NMR: δ 14.9, 19.0, 102.3, 120.5, 123.1, 126.9, 128.9, 134.1, 135.9, 144.5, 148.2, 160.0; MS m/z (%): 482 (M+, 42), 480 (M+, 78), 467 (100), 451 (24); Anal. for C26H22N6S2 (384.48) calcd; C, 64.70; H, 4.59; N, 17.41; S, 13.29 Found C, 64.40; H, 4.29; N, 17.11; S, 13.59.

4. Conclusions

In summary, we have successfully prepared various polysubstituted thieno[2,3-b]thiophenes based on the reaction of carbonyl compounds with appropriate N-nucleophile assisted by microwave or classical methods. The simple procedure, mild conditions, high yields and especially environmental friendliness make this protocol very attractive, and may possess interesting biological properties or applications in material sciences.

Acknowledgments

The authors extend their appreciation to the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Saud University for funding the work through the research group project No. RGP-VPP-007.

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Ijms 12 07824f1 1024
Scheme 1. Synthesis of hydrazones derivatives 2a,b from thienothiophene 1.
Scheme 1. Synthesis of hydrazones derivatives 2a,b from thienothiophene 1.
Ijms 12 07824f1
Ijms 12 07824f2 1024
Scheme 2. Synthesis of pyrazole derivatives 4a–f from thienothiophene 1.
Scheme 2. Synthesis of pyrazole derivatives 4a–f from thienothiophene 1.
Ijms 12 07824f2
Ijms 12 07824f3 1024
Scheme 3. Synthesis of schiff’s base derivatives 5a,b from thienothiophene 1.
Scheme 3. Synthesis of schiff’s base derivatives 5a,b from thienothiophene 1.
Ijms 12 07824f3
Ijms 12 07824f4 1024
Scheme 4. Synthesis of schiff’s base derivatives 6, 7 from thienothiophene 1.
Scheme 4. Synthesis of schiff’s base derivatives 6, 7 from thienothiophene 1.
Ijms 12 07824f4

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MDPI and ACS Style

Nasser Mabkhot, Y.; Barakat, A.; Al-Majid, A.M.; Al-Othman, Z.A.; Alamary, A.S. A Facile and Convenient Synthesis of some Novel Hydrazones, Schiff’s Base and Pyrazoles Incorporating Thieno[2,3-b]thiophenes. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2011, 12, 7824-7834. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms12117824

AMA Style

Nasser Mabkhot Y, Barakat A, Al-Majid AM, Al-Othman ZA, Alamary AS. A Facile and Convenient Synthesis of some Novel Hydrazones, Schiff’s Base and Pyrazoles Incorporating Thieno[2,3-b]thiophenes. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2011; 12(11):7824-7834. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms12117824

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nasser Mabkhot, Yahia, Assem Barakat, Abdullah Mohammed Al-Majid, Zeid A. Al-Othman, and Abdullah Saleh Alamary. 2011. "A Facile and Convenient Synthesis of some Novel Hydrazones, Schiff’s Base and Pyrazoles Incorporating Thieno[2,3-b]thiophenes" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 12, no. 11: 7824-7834. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms12117824

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