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Volume 30
Issue 15
10.3390/molecules30153268
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Metabolomic Insights into the Antimicrobial Effects of Metschnikowia Yeast on Phytopathogens

by
Zofia Perek
1,2,*,
Sumi Krupa
3,
Joanna Nizioł
3,
Dorota Kręgiel
1,
Tomasz Ruman
3 and
Beata Gutarowska
1
1
Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Lodz University of Technology, Wolczanska 171/173, 90-530 Lodz, Poland
2
Interdisciplinary Doctoral School, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
3
Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszow University of Technology, Powstancow Warszawy 6, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Molecules 2025, 30(15), 3268; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30153268
Submission received: 26 June 2025 / Revised: 1 August 2025 / Accepted: 1 August 2025 / Published: 4 August 2025
(This article belongs to the Section Natural Products Chemistry)
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Abstract

One of the most important features of Metschnikowia pulcherrima is its strong antimicrobial activity against phytopathogens, which makes it a suitable candidate for use in biocontrol during crop cultivation. However, the mechanisms of its antimicrobial activity are not currently well understood. In this study, we used metabolomic methods to investigate the possible mechanisms of antimicrobial activity by M. pulcherrima against phytopathogenic fungi. First, we tested the antimicrobial activity of five selected isolates against eleven phytopathogenic molds. Based on the results, selected yeast–pathogen co-cultures were cultivated on liquid and solid media. The supernatants from the liquid co-cultures were analyzed using the UHPLC-QToF-UHRMS and MS/MS methods. Co-culture growth on solid agar media was examined using the LARAPPI/CI MSI method. The yeast exhibited strong antagonism toward the mold phytopathogens. The LARAPPI/CI MSI method revealed the presence of various compounds with potential antifungal activity. The complex UHPLC-QToF-UHRMS analysis confirmed that the metabolic response of M. pulcherrima depends on specific yeast–pathogen interactions.
Keywords: Metschnikowia pulcherrima yeast; antimicrobial activity; metabolomics; phytopathogens Metschnikowia pulcherrima yeast; antimicrobial activity; metabolomics; phytopathogens
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MDPI and ACS Style

Perek, Z.; Krupa, S.; Nizioł, J.; Kręgiel, D.; Ruman, T.; Gutarowska, B. Metabolomic Insights into the Antimicrobial Effects of Metschnikowia Yeast on Phytopathogens. Molecules 2025, 30, 3268. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30153268

AMA Style

Perek Z, Krupa S, Nizioł J, Kręgiel D, Ruman T, Gutarowska B. Metabolomic Insights into the Antimicrobial Effects of Metschnikowia Yeast on Phytopathogens. Molecules. 2025; 30(15):3268. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30153268

Chicago/Turabian Style

Perek, Zofia, Sumi Krupa, Joanna Nizioł, Dorota Kręgiel, Tomasz Ruman, and Beata Gutarowska. 2025. "Metabolomic Insights into the Antimicrobial Effects of Metschnikowia Yeast on Phytopathogens" Molecules 30, no. 15: 3268. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30153268

APA Style

Perek, Z., Krupa, S., Nizioł, J., Kręgiel, D., Ruman, T., & Gutarowska, B. (2025). Metabolomic Insights into the Antimicrobial Effects of Metschnikowia Yeast on Phytopathogens. Molecules, 30(15), 3268. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30153268

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