Residue of Chlormequat and Regulatory Effects on the Specialized Metabolites of Astragali Radix
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Residue of Chlormequat in Astragali Radix
2.2. Metabolite Changes of Astragali Radix
2.3. Quantitative Analysis of Thirteen Active Compounds in Astragali Radix
2.3.1. Optimization of UFLC-MS/MS Condition
2.3.2. Method Validation
2.3.3. Sample Analysis
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Chemicals and Reagents
3.2. Plant Materials and Chlormequat Treatment
3.3. Instruments
3.4. Standard and Sample Solution Preparation
3.5. Metabolic Profiling Analysis of Astragali Radix
3.6. Quantitative Analysis of Thirteen Main Components in Astragali Radix
3.6.1. UFLC-QTRAP-MS/MS Conditions
3.6.2. Method Validation
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Sample Availability
References
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Compound No. | Rt | m/z | Formula | Fragment | Identification | Classification | Regulation |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 6.71 | 679.5082 | C38H63O10 | 661.4999; 359.2351; 340.2571; 114.0903 | 3β-acetoxy-9β, 19-cyclolanost-24E-ene-1α, 16β-diol-27-O-β-d-glucopyranoside | Saponins | |
2 | 10.37 | 785.4671 | C41H69O14 | 455.3521; 437.3397; 419.3304; 285.0744; 270.0528 | Astragaloside III | Up | |
3 | 10.95 | 947.517 | C47H79O19 | 774.3220; 473.3628; 437.3397 | Astragaloside V | Up | |
4 | 11.44 | 785.4645 | C41H69O14 | 455.3477; 437.3397; 419.3304; 143.1061 | Astragaloside IV | ||
5 | 11.75 | 785.4687 | C41H69O14 | 455.3628; 437.3397; 419.3304 | Isoastragaloside IV | ||
6 | 12.5 | 827.4783 | C43H71O15 | 809.4662; 455.3628; 419.3304; 175.0590 | Astragaloside II | Up | |
7 | 12.99 | 827.4793 | C43H71O15 | 809.4662; 455.3628; 437.3397; 419.3304; 143.1061 | Isoastragaloside II | Up | |
8 | 13.38 | 827.478 | C43H71O15 | 629.4077; 611.3973; 437.3397; 419.3304; 143.1061 | Cyclocephaloside II | ||
9 | 13.88 | 751.4265 | C40H63O13 | 733.4155; 715.4075; 419.3304; 261.0570; 157.0492 | Huangqiyenin G | Up | |
10 | 14.32 | 869.4891 | C45H73O16 | 851.4815; 689.4276; 671.4146; 455.3628; 437.3397; 419.3304; 217.0688; 157.0492; 143.1061 | Astragaloside I | Up | |
11 | 14.71 | 869.4876 | C45H73O16 | 851.4815; 689.4276; 671.4146; 455.3628; 437.3397; 419.3304; 376.2594; 217.0688; 157.0492 | Isoastragaloside I | ||
12 | 14.74 | 943.5263 | C48H79O18 | 617.4073; 599.3953; 441.3712; 423.3624 | Soyasaponin I | ||
13 | 14.97 | 491.374 | C30H51O5 | 491.3740; 473.3628; 455.3628 | Cycloastragenol | ||
14 | 15.39 | 955.4885 | C48H75O19 | 937.4789; 775.4269; 455.3628; 243.0472; 157.0492; 143.1061 | Astroolesaponin D | Up | |
15 | 5.43 | 447.1276 | C22H23O10 | 447.1286; 285.0744; 270.0494 | Calycosin-7-glucoside | Flavonoids | |
16 | 7.99 | 431.1326 | C22H23O9 | 431.1317; 269.0785 | Ononin | ||
17 | 8.45 | 463.1571 | C23H27O10 | 301.1059; 167.0686 | Methylnissolin-3-O-glucoside | Down | |
18 | 9.04 | 465.1754 | C23H29O10 | 429.1541; 302.1151; 167.0686 | Astraisoflavan-7-O-β-d-glucoside | Down | |
19 | 10.33 | 285.0752 | C16H13O5 | 270.052; 253.0495; 225.0543; 197.0592; 137.0234 | Calycosin | ||
20 | 13.3 | 269.0801 | C16H13O4 | 253.0495; 237.0525; 226.0623; 213.0898; 197.0592 | Formononetin | ||
21 | 7.46 | 533.1271 | C25H25O13 | 285.0744 | Calycosin-7-glucoside-6″-malonate | Down | |
22 | 8.97 | 549.1232 | C25H25O14 | 301.1059; 270.0528 | Methylnissolin-3-O-glucoside-6″-malonate | Down | |
23 | 10.1 | 301.1059 | C17H17O5 | 204.0861; 167.0686 | Isomer of medicarpin | Down | |
24 | 12.77 | 301.1059 | C16H13O6 | 285.0744; 167.0686; 152.0485; 134.0388 | Medicarpin | ||
25 | 9.6 | 517.1331 | C25H25O12 | 269.0785 | Formononetin-7-O-β-d-glucoside-6″-malonate | ||
26 | 9.81 | 549.1595 | C25H25O14 | 371.0977; 301.1059; 167.0686 | Astrapterocarpanglucoside-6″--malonate | Down |
Compounds | Treatment Groups | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
CK | T1 | T2 | T3 | |
Astragaloside I (10) | 1664.77 ± 128.69 | 1907.67 ± 61.20 | 2106.41 ± 166.72 | 2760.05 ± 490.77 |
Astragaloside II (6) | 375.33 ± 34.27 | 380.84 ± 54.53 | 396.20 ± 71.63 | 482.21 ± 92.36 |
Astragaloside III (2) | 16.04 ± 0.56 | 15.87 ± 0.20 | 16.47 ± 0.33 | 15.50 ± 0.15 |
Astragaloside IV (4) | 55.83 ± 3.13 | 64.22 ± 8.67 | 76.80 ± 5.90 | 61.51 ± 3.41 |
Isoastragaloside II (7) | 129.58 ± 5.79 | 135.84 ± 27.74 | 160.97 ± 5.60 | 201.66 ± 12.30 |
Isoastragaloside IV (5) | 94.00 ± 5.42 | 131.95 ± 21.39 | 136.62 ± 25.60 | 131.04 ± 13.51 |
Cycloastragenol (13) | 8.19 ± 0.14 | 8.87 ± 0.05 | 8.75 ± 0.87 | 8.87 ± 1.08 |
Methylnissolin 3-O-glucoside (17) | 153.62 ± 27.63 | 89.58 ± 27.11 | 116.98 ± 9.37 | 119.55 ± 13.98 |
Astraisoflavan-7-O-β-d-glucoside (18) | 67.48 ± 5.38 | 43.89 ± 6.69 | 53.25 ± 14.05 | 35.24 ± 0.89 |
Formononetin (20) | 66.57 ± 0.97 | 62.70 ± 5.64 | 91.68 ± 2.16 | 113.22 ± 21.71 |
Ononin (16) | 99.41 ± 9.64 | 77.88 ± 14.29 | 117.79 ± 14.91 | 102.07 ± 16.68 |
Calycosin (19) | 101.95 ± 3.41 | 117.17 ± 15.73 | 115.85 ± 12.88 | 113.24 ± 8.31 |
Calycosin-7-glucoside (15) | 271.93 ± 14.00 | 213.12 ± 24.96 | 294.81 ± 28.58 | 245.15 ± 26.33 |
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Qin, H.; Xie, L.; Zang, Y.; Han, J.; Yu, J.; Luo, Z.; Ma, X. Residue of Chlormequat and Regulatory Effects on the Specialized Metabolites of Astragali Radix. Molecules 2023, 28, 6754. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28196754
Qin H, Xie L, Zang Y, Han J, Yu J, Luo Z, Ma X. Residue of Chlormequat and Regulatory Effects on the Specialized Metabolites of Astragali Radix. Molecules. 2023; 28(19):6754. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28196754
Chicago/Turabian StyleQin, Honghan, Lei Xie, Yimei Zang, Jia Han, Jing Yu, Zuliang Luo, and Xiaojun Ma. 2023. "Residue of Chlormequat and Regulatory Effects on the Specialized Metabolites of Astragali Radix" Molecules 28, no. 19: 6754. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28196754