Effectiveness of Volatile Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (VNADESs) for the Green Extraction of Chelidonium majus Isoquinoline Alkaloids

Strzemski, Maciej; Dresler, Sławomir; Podkościelna, Beata; Skic, Kamil; Sowa, Ireneusz; Załuski, Daniel; Verpoorte, Rob; Zielińska, Sylwia; Krawczyk, Paweł; Wójciak, Magdalena

doi:10.3390/molecules27092815

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Effectiveness of Volatile Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (VNADESs) for the Green Extraction of Chelidonium majus Isoquinoline Alkaloids

^1,*

^1,2

⁴

⁵,

⁶

⁷

⁸ and

^1,*

Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland

Department of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Science, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, 20-033 Lublin, Poland

Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, 20-031 Lublin, Poland

⁴

Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 20-290 Lublin, Poland

⁵

Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Pharmacognosy, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland

⁶

Natural Products Laboratory, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, 2300RA Leiden, The Netherlands

⁷

Department of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Division of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland

⁸

Immunology and Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pneumonology, Oncology and Allergology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland

Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Academic Editor: Branimir Pavlic

Molecules 2022, 27(9), 2815; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27092815

Received: 11 April 2022 / Revised: 27 April 2022 / Accepted: 27 April 2022 / Published: 28 April 2022

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Conventional and Emerging Extraction Techniques for Compounds from Natural Source and Food)

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Abstract

The Chelidonium majus plant is rich in biologically active isoquinoline alkaloids. These alkaline polar compounds are isolated from raw materials with the use of acidified water or methanol; next, after alkalisation of the extract, they are extracted using chloroform or dichloromethane. This procedure requires the use of toxic solvents. The present study assessed the possibility of using volatile natural deep eutectic solvents (VNADESs) for the efficient and environmentally friendly extraction of Chelidonium alkaloids. The roots and herb of the plant were subjected three times to extraction with various menthol, thymol, and camphor mixtures and with water and methanol (acidified and nonacidified). It has been shown that alkaloids can be efficiently isolated using menthol–camphor and menthol–thymol mixtures. In comparison with the extraction with acidified methanol, the use of appropriate VNADESs formulations yielded higher amounts of protopine (by 16%), chelidonine (35%), berberine (76%), chelerythrine (12%), and coptisine (180%). Sanguinarine extraction efficiency was at the same level. Additionally, the values of the contact angles of the raw materials treated with the tested solvents were assessed, and higher wetting dynamics were observed in the case of VNADESs when compared with water. These results suggest that VNADESs can be used for the efficient and environmentally friendly extraction of Chelidonium alkaloids. View Full-Text

Keywords: green chemistry; NADESs; isoquinoline alkaloids; protopine; chelidonine; berberine; chelerythrine; coptisine; sanguinarine; greater celandine

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Strzemski, M.; Dresler, S.; Podkościelna, B.; Skic, K.; Sowa, I.; Załuski, D.; Verpoorte, R.; Zielińska, S.; Krawczyk, P.; Wójciak, M. Effectiveness of Volatile Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (VNADESs) for the Green Extraction of Chelidonium majus Isoquinoline Alkaloids. Molecules 2022, 27, 2815. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27092815

AMA Style

Strzemski M, Dresler S, Podkościelna B, Skic K, Sowa I, Załuski D, Verpoorte R, Zielińska S, Krawczyk P, Wójciak M. Effectiveness of Volatile Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (VNADESs) for the Green Extraction of Chelidonium majus Isoquinoline Alkaloids. Molecules. 2022; 27(9):2815. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27092815

Chicago/Turabian Style

Strzemski, Maciej, Sławomir Dresler, Beata Podkościelna, Kamil Skic, Ireneusz Sowa, Daniel Załuski, Rob Verpoorte, Sylwia Zielińska, Paweł Krawczyk, and Magdalena Wójciak. 2022. "Effectiveness of Volatile Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (VNADESs) for the Green Extraction of Chelidonium majus Isoquinoline Alkaloids" Molecules 27, no. 9: 2815. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27092815

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Effectiveness of Volatile Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (VNADESs) for the Green Extraction of Chelidonium majus Isoquinoline Alkaloids

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