Comparative Study of the Synthetic Approaches and Biological Activities of the Bioisosteres of 1,3,4-Oxadiazoles and 1,3,4-Thiadiazoles over the Past Decade
Abstract
:1. Introduction
- Aromatic systems that include the neutral thiadiazoles 9 [45].
- Mesoionic systems that are defined as a poly-heteroatomic system containing a five-membered heterocyclic ring associated with conjugated p and π electrons and distinct regions of positive and negative charges 10. Mesoionic systems are dense and highly polarizable, with a net neutral electron charge; these characteristics allow mesoionic compounds to cross cellular membranes and interact with biological targets with distinct affinities [31].
- 1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-one(thione) 11a,b [47].
2. Synthetic Approaches for the Preparation of Different Classes of 1,3,4-Oxadiazole and 1,3,4-Thiadiazole Derivatives
2.1. Synthesis from Sulfonyl Acetic Acid Hydrazide
2.2. Synthesis from 1,2-Diacylhydrazines
2.3. Synthesis from Acyl Semi/Thiosemicarbazides
2.4. Synthesis from Semi-/Thiosemicarbazides
2.5. Synthesis from Acid/Thionyl Hydrazide
3. Biological Activities
3.1. Antimicrobial Activity
3.2. Antiviral Activity
3.3. Anticancer Activity
3.4. Antidiabetic Activity
3.5. Antioxidant Activity
3.6. Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory Activities
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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El-Masry, R.M.; Kadry, H.H.; Taher, A.T.; Abou-Seri, S.M. Comparative Study of the Synthetic Approaches and Biological Activities of the Bioisosteres of 1,3,4-Oxadiazoles and 1,3,4-Thiadiazoles over the Past Decade. Molecules 2022, 27, 2709. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27092709
El-Masry RM, Kadry HH, Taher AT, Abou-Seri SM. Comparative Study of the Synthetic Approaches and Biological Activities of the Bioisosteres of 1,3,4-Oxadiazoles and 1,3,4-Thiadiazoles over the Past Decade. Molecules. 2022; 27(9):2709. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27092709
Chicago/Turabian StyleEl-Masry, Rana M., Hanan H. Kadry, Azza T. Taher, and Sahar M. Abou-Seri. 2022. "Comparative Study of the Synthetic Approaches and Biological Activities of the Bioisosteres of 1,3,4-Oxadiazoles and 1,3,4-Thiadiazoles over the Past Decade" Molecules 27, no. 9: 2709. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27092709