Green and Effective Preparation of α-Hydroxyphosphonates by Ecocatalysis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Preparation and Characterization of Eco-MgZnOx
2.1.1. Preparation of Eco-MgZnOx
2.1.2. Characterization of Eco-MgZnOx by MP–AES Analysis
2.1.3. Characterization of Eco-MgZnOx by X-ray Powder Diffraction
2.1.4. Characterization of Eco-MgZnOx by Electron Microscopy
2.2. Reactivity of Eco-MgZnOx in the Hydrophosphonylation Reaction
2.2.1. Catalyst Impact on the Formation of Model α-Hydroxyphosphonate 3a
2.2.2. Recyclability and Reuse of Eco-MgZnOx Catalysts
2.2.3. Scope of the Hydrophosphonylation Reaction of Carbonyl Substrates Catalyzed by Eco-MgZnOx
2.3. Theoretical Assessment of the Catalytic Activity of Eco-MgZnOx in Hydrophosphonylation Reaction
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. General Information
3.2. Plant Growth and Biomass Information—Study Sites and Sampling of Plant Material
3.3. Preparation of the Eco-MgZnOx
3.4. Characterization of the Eco-MgZnOx
3.5. General Procedure for Hydrophosphonylation Reaction with Eco-MgZnOx Catalysts
3.6. General Recovery and Reuse of Eco-MgZnOx Catalysts
3.7. Experimental Theoretical Section
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Eco-MgZnOx | Al | Ca | Cd | Fe | K | Mg | Na | Zn | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
EcoMgZnOx-P | wt % | 0.05 | 16.71 | 0.18 | 0.08 | 14.41 | 5.24 | 0.08 | 11.44 |
%RSD | 0.31 | 0.63 | 0.72 | 0.5 | 0.33 | 0.39 | 0.61 | 0.61 | |
EcoMgZnOx-F | wt % | 0.19 | 13.95 | 0.09 | 0.34 | 11.53 | 2.64 | 0.14 | 9.89 |
%RSD | 0.63 | 1.32 | 2.37 | 4.41 | 1.39 | 0.19 | 0.77 | 0.41 |
Entry | Ecocatalysts | Conversion (%) b |
---|---|---|
1 | no catalyst | 0 |
2 | Eco-MgZnOx-P c | 97 |
3 | Eco-MgZnOx-F d | 96 |
4 | ZnO e | 14 |
5 | MgO f | 70 |
6 | ZnO + MgO g | 78 |
7 | FeO + MgO h | 70 |
8 | FeO + MgO + ZnO i | 78 |
9 | K2CO3 j | 61 |
10 | CaCO3 k | 0 |
Eco-MgZnOx | Run | Conversion b (%) | Mineral Composition c of Eco-MgZnOx | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ca | Mg | Zn | ||||
Eco-MgZnOx-P | 1 | 97 | wt % | 16.21 | 4.32 | 8.02 |
2 | 96 | 15.92 | 3.72 | 6.96 | ||
3 | 94 | 13.65 | 2.94 | 5.27 | ||
Eco-MgZnOx-F | 1 | 96 | wt % | 14.77 | 1.69 | 7.22 |
2 | 58 | 14.46 | 1.26 | 5.23 | ||
3 | 14 | 15.42 | 0.79 | 3.45 |
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Cybulska, P.; Legrand, Y.-M.; Babst-Kostecka, A.; Diliberto, S.; Leśniewicz, A.; Oliviero, E.; Bert, V.; Boulanger, C.; Grison, C.; Olszewski, T.K. Green and Effective Preparation of α-Hydroxyphosphonates by Ecocatalysis. Molecules 2022, 27, 3075. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27103075
Cybulska P, Legrand Y-M, Babst-Kostecka A, Diliberto S, Leśniewicz A, Oliviero E, Bert V, Boulanger C, Grison C, Olszewski TK. Green and Effective Preparation of α-Hydroxyphosphonates by Ecocatalysis. Molecules. 2022; 27(10):3075. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27103075
Chicago/Turabian StyleCybulska, Pola, Yves-Marie Legrand, Alicja Babst-Kostecka, Sébastien Diliberto, Anna Leśniewicz, Erwan Oliviero, Valérie Bert, Clotilde Boulanger, Claude Grison, and Tomasz K. Olszewski. 2022. "Green and Effective Preparation of α-Hydroxyphosphonates by Ecocatalysis" Molecules 27, no. 10: 3075. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27103075