Identification and Quantification of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Polyhydroxyalkanoates Produced from Mixed Microbial Cultures and Municipal Organic Wastes at Pilot Scale
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Method Performance
2.2. PAH Contamination in PHA Samples
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. PHA Samples
3.2. PAH Determination
3.3. Statistical Analysis
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Sample Availability
References
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PHA Origin | OFMSW–WAS (Treviso) | Fruit Waste (Lisbon) | Commercial | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Stabilization | Thermal | Acid | Acid | |||
Extraction | Raw Biomass | NaClO | CHCl3 | Aqueous-Phase | Aqueous-Phase | |
(µg kg−1) (n = 5) | (µg kg−1) (n = 5) | (µg kg−1) (n = 5) | (µg kg−1) (n = 4) | (µg kg−1) (n = 2) | (µg kg−1) (n = 3) | |
Naphthalene | 43625 | 95 | 66 | 38372 | 42400 | 16728 |
Acenaphthylene | 7210 | 127 | 255 | 209 | 132 | <MLOD |
Acenaphthene | 8277 | 3830 | 3373 | 170 | 406 | 3711 |
Fluorene | 1764 | 147 | 220 | 736 | 771 | 176 |
Phenanthrene | 8173 | 880 | 963 | 2555 | 2660 | 1121 |
Anthracene | 506 | 161 | 123 | 231 | 191 | 124 |
Fluoranthene | 539 | 58 | 83 | 216 | 210 | 171 |
Pyrene | 364 | 49 | 64 | 171 | 137 | 201 |
Benz(a)anthracene * | 25 | 21 | 19 | 10 | 14 | 35 |
Crysene * | 27 | 23 | 22 | 12 | 14 | 35 |
Benzo(b)fluoranthene * | 14 | 15 | 16 | 20 | 20 | 20 |
Benzo(k + j)fluoranthene * | 45 | 46 | 48 | 9 | 10 | 54 |
Benzo(e)pyrene * | 41 | 41 | 43 | 5 | 7 | 48 |
Benzo(a)pyrene * | 43 | 43 | 43 | 10 | 7 | 48 |
Perylene * | <MLOD | <MLOD | <MLOD | <MLOQ | 5 | 53 |
Indeno(123cd)pyrene | 38 | 38 | 38 | <MLOQ | 6 | 43 |
Dibenz(ah)anthracene * | 26 | 53 | <MLOD | <MLOQ | 11 | 59 |
Benzo(ghi)perylene * | 36 | 36 | 36 | 5 | 8 | 44 |
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Cavaliere, C.; Capriotti, A.L.; Cerrato, A.; Lorini, L.; Montone, C.M.; Valentino, F.; Laganà, A.; Majone, M. Identification and Quantification of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Polyhydroxyalkanoates Produced from Mixed Microbial Cultures and Municipal Organic Wastes at Pilot Scale. Molecules 2021, 26, 539. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26030539
Cavaliere C, Capriotti AL, Cerrato A, Lorini L, Montone CM, Valentino F, Laganà A, Majone M. Identification and Quantification of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Polyhydroxyalkanoates Produced from Mixed Microbial Cultures and Municipal Organic Wastes at Pilot Scale. Molecules. 2021; 26(3):539. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26030539
Chicago/Turabian StyleCavaliere, Chiara, Anna Laura Capriotti, Andrea Cerrato, Laura Lorini, Carmela Maria Montone, Francesco Valentino, Aldo Laganà, and Mauro Majone. 2021. "Identification and Quantification of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Polyhydroxyalkanoates Produced from Mixed Microbial Cultures and Municipal Organic Wastes at Pilot Scale" Molecules 26, no. 3: 539. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26030539