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Article

Ellagic Acid–Cyclodextrin Complexes for the Treatment of Oral Candidiasis

by
Aline da Graça Sampaio
1,
Aline Vidal Lacerda Gontijo
1,
Gabriela de Morais Gouvêa Lima
1,
Maria Alcionéia Carvalho de Oliveira
1,
Laura Soares Souto Lepesqueur
1,2 and
Cristiane Yumi Koga-Ito
1,3,*
1
Oral Biopathology Graduate Program, São José dos Campos Institute of Science & Technology, São Paulo State University, UNESP, São Paulo 12245-000, Brazil
2
School of Dentistry, Santo Amaro University, São Paulo 04743-030, Brazil
3
Department of Environment Engineering, São José dos Campos Institute of Science & Technology, São Paulo State University, UNESP, São Paulo 12247-016, Brazil
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Molecules 2021, 26(2), 505; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26020505
Submission received: 29 December 2020 / Revised: 12 January 2021 / Accepted: 14 January 2021 / Published: 19 January 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Biologically Active Molecules, Biomaterials and Nanoparticles for the Microbial Biofilm Control in Human Medicine)
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Abstract

The increase in the prevalence of fungal infections worldwide and the rise in the occurrence of antifungal resistance suggest that new research to discover antifungal molecules is needed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential use of ellagic acid–cyclodextrin complexes (EA/HP-β-CD) for the treatment of oral candidiasis. First, the effect of EA/HP-β-CD on C. albicans planktonic cells and biofilms was evaluated. Then, the cytotoxicity of the effective concentration was studied to ensure safety of in vivo testing. Finally, the in vivo effectiveness was determined by using a murine model of induced oral candidiasis. Data was statistically analyzed. The minimal inhibitory concentration of EA/HP-β-CD was 25 µg/mL and a concentration of 10 times MIC (250 µg/mL) showed an inhibitory effect on C. albicans 48 h-biofilms. The complex at concentration 250 µg/mL was classified as slightly cytotoxic. In vivo experiments showed a reduction in fungal epithelial invasion after treatment with EA/HP-β-CD for 24 h and 96 h when compared to the negative control. In conclusion, the results demonstrated that EA/HP-β-CD has antifungal and anti-inflammatory effects, reducing the invasive capacity of C. albicans, which suggests that EA/HP-β-CD may be a promising alternative for the treatment of oral candidiasis.
Keywords: Candida albicans; oral candidiasis; ellagic acid; cyclodextrin Candida albicans; oral candidiasis; ellagic acid; cyclodextrin

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MDPI and ACS Style

Sampaio, A.d.G.; Gontijo, A.V.L.; Lima, G.d.M.G.; de Oliveira, M.A.C.; Lepesqueur, L.S.S.; Koga-Ito, C.Y. Ellagic Acid–Cyclodextrin Complexes for the Treatment of Oral Candidiasis. Molecules 2021, 26, 505. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26020505

AMA Style

Sampaio AdG, Gontijo AVL, Lima GdMG, de Oliveira MAC, Lepesqueur LSS, Koga-Ito CY. Ellagic Acid–Cyclodextrin Complexes for the Treatment of Oral Candidiasis. Molecules. 2021; 26(2):505. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26020505

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sampaio, Aline da Graça, Aline Vidal Lacerda Gontijo, Gabriela de Morais Gouvêa Lima, Maria Alcionéia Carvalho de Oliveira, Laura Soares Souto Lepesqueur, and Cristiane Yumi Koga-Ito. 2021. "Ellagic Acid–Cyclodextrin Complexes for the Treatment of Oral Candidiasis" Molecules 26, no. 2: 505. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26020505

APA Style

Sampaio, A. d. G., Gontijo, A. V. L., Lima, G. d. M. G., de Oliveira, M. A. C., Lepesqueur, L. S. S., & Koga-Ito, C. Y. (2021). Ellagic Acid–Cyclodextrin Complexes for the Treatment of Oral Candidiasis. Molecules, 26(2), 505. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26020505

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