Identification of Phlorotannins in the Brown Algae, Saccharina latissima and Ascophyllum nodosum by Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled to High-Resolution Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Sardari, Roya R. R.; Prothmann, Jens; Gregersen, Olavur; Turner, Charlotta; Nordberg Karlsson, Eva

doi:10.3390/molecules26010043

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Identification of Phlorotannins in the Brown Algae, Saccharina latissima and Ascophyllum nodosum by Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled to High-Resolution Tandem Mass Spectrometry

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Eva Nordberg Karlsson

Division of Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, 221 00 Lund, Sweden

Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, 221 00 Lund, Sweden

Ocean Rainforest Sp/F, 20 Mjólkargøta, FO-180 Kaldbak, Faroe Islands

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Molecules 2021, 26(1), 43; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26010043

Received: 5 December 2020 / Revised: 16 December 2020 / Accepted: 20 December 2020 / Published: 23 December 2020

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Abstract

Phlorotannins are bioactive polyphenols in brown macroalgae that make these algae interesting as healthy food. Specific phlorotannins are, however, seldom identified, and extracts from different species are often only analysed for total phenolic content (TPC). In this study, our focus was to identify phlorotannin molecules from Saccharina latissima and Ascophyllum nodosum (a species rich in these compounds) using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS²). Water and ethanol (30 and 80% v/v) were used at solid:liquid ratios, extraction times and temperatures, proposed to result in high TPC in extracts from other species. The S. latissima extracts, however, did not allow phlorotannin detection by either UHPLC-UV/Vis or UHPLC-HRMS², despite a TPC response by the Folin–Ciocalteu assay, pinpointing a problem with interference by non-phenolic compounds. Purification by solid phase extraction (SPE) led to purer, more concentrated fractions and identification of four phlorotannin species in A. nodosum and one in S. latissima by UHPLC-HRMS², using extracts in ethanol 80% v/v at a solid:liquid ratio of 1:10 for 20 h at 25 °C with an added 10 h at 65 °C incubation of remaining solids. The phlorotannin with the formula C₁₂H₁₀O₇ (corresponding to bifuhalol) is the first identified in S. latissima. View Full-Text

Keywords: extraction; Saccharina latissima; Ascophyllum nodosum; brown algae; polyphenols; phlorotannins; high-resolution mass spectrometry

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Sardari, R.R.R.; Prothmann, J.; Gregersen, O.; Turner, C.; Nordberg Karlsson, E. Identification of Phlorotannins in the Brown Algae, Saccharina latissima and Ascophyllum nodosum by Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled to High-Resolution Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Molecules 2021, 26, 43. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26010043

AMA Style

Sardari RRR, Prothmann J, Gregersen O, Turner C, Nordberg Karlsson E. Identification of Phlorotannins in the Brown Algae, Saccharina latissima and Ascophyllum nodosum by Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled to High-Resolution Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Molecules. 2021; 26(1):43. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26010043

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sardari, Roya R.R., Jens Prothmann, Olavur Gregersen, Charlotta Turner, and Eva Nordberg Karlsson. 2021. "Identification of Phlorotannins in the Brown Algae, Saccharina latissima and Ascophyllum nodosum by Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled to High-Resolution Tandem Mass Spectrometry" Molecules 26, no. 1: 43. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26010043

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Identification of Phlorotannins in the Brown Algae, Saccharina latissima and Ascophyllum nodosum by Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled to High-Resolution Tandem Mass Spectrometry

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