Insecticidal Activity and Insecticidal Mechanism of Total Saponins from Camellia oleifera
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Saponins in Aqueous Ethanolic Extracts
2.2. Dynamic Viscosity Coefficient and Interfacial Tension Values of Different Extracts
2.3. Toxicty of the Saponins on the Stomach of E. obliqua Larvae
2.4. Contact Toxicity of the Camellia Saponins on E. obliqua Larvae
2.5. Midgut of E. obliqua Larvae and Morphological Changes after Tea Saponin Treatment
2.6. Observation of the Epidermis of E. obliqua Larvae Treated with Tea Saponin by Electron Microscopy
2.7. Chitin Staining of E. obliqua Larvae and Morphological Changes after Tea Saponin Treatment
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Plant Material and Extraction
4.2. Analytical Method
4.3. Interfacial Tension and Dynamic Viscosity Coefficient of the Different Extracts
4.4. Bioassays
4.4.1. Evaluation of the Contact Toxicity of Camellia Saponins on E. obliqua
4.4.2. Evaluation of the Stomach Toxicity of Camellia Saponins on E. obliqua
4.4.3. Midgut Slices of E. obliqua
4.4.4. Scanning Electron Microscopy
4.4.5. Chitin Staining of E. obliqua Sections
4.5. Data Analysis
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample Availability: Samples of the compounds are available from the authors. |
Pesticides | Toxicity Regression Equation a | LC50 (mg/L) b | 95% Confidence Interval c | R2 |
---|---|---|---|---|
C. oleifera seed cake ethanol extract | y = −6.69 + 4.12x | 49.100 | 39.729–60.126 | 0.874 |
30% ethanol eluate | y = −6.4 + 3.84x | 53.239 | 42.799–66.291 | 0.862 |
50% ethanol eluate | y = −6.72 + 4.21x | 45.287 | 36.527–55.263 | 0.905 |
70% ethanol eluate | y = −4.52 + 3.39x | 22.395 | 16.489–28.338 | 0.943 |
Pesticides | Toxicity Regression Equation a | LC50 (mg/L) b | 95% Confidence Interval c | R2 |
---|---|---|---|---|
C. oleifera seed cake ethanol extract | y = −5.00 + 3.43x | 27.380 | 21.428–36.969 | 0.977 |
30% ethanol eluate | y = −6.46 + 4.94x | 21.004 | 16.848–25.238 | 0.907 |
50% ethanol eluate | y = −3.75 + 3.14x | 15.732 | 8.677–20.814 | 0.834 |
70% ethanol eluate | y = −3.72 + 4.13x | 8.459 | 3.564–11.646 | 0.984 |
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Cui, C.; Yang, Y.; Zhao, T.; Zou, K.; Peng, C.; Cai, H.; Wan, X.; Hou, R. Insecticidal Activity and Insecticidal Mechanism of Total Saponins from Camellia oleifera. Molecules 2019, 24, 4518. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24244518
Cui C, Yang Y, Zhao T, Zou K, Peng C, Cai H, Wan X, Hou R. Insecticidal Activity and Insecticidal Mechanism of Total Saponins from Camellia oleifera. Molecules. 2019; 24(24):4518. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24244518
Chicago/Turabian StyleCui, Chuanjian, Yunqin Yang, Tianyu Zhao, Kangkang Zou, Chuanyi Peng, Huimei Cai, Xiaochun Wan, and Ruyan Hou. 2019. "Insecticidal Activity and Insecticidal Mechanism of Total Saponins from Camellia oleifera" Molecules 24, no. 24: 4518. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24244518