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Article

Ayapana triplinervis Essential Oil and Its Main Component Thymohydroquinone Dimethyl Ether Inhibit Zika Virus at Doses Devoid of Toxicity in Zebrafish

by
Juliano G. Haddad
1,
Morgane Picard
1,
Sebastien Bénard
2,
Claire Desvignes
3,
Philippe Desprès
1,
Nicolas Diotel
4,* and
Chaker El Kalamouni
1,*
1
Université de la Réunion, INSERM U1187, CNRS UMR 9192, IRD UMR 249, Unité Mixte Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Plateforme Technologique CYROI, 94791 Sainte Clotilde, La Réunion, France
2
Plateforme de recherche CYROI, 2 rue Maxime Rivière, 97490 Sainte Clotilde, La Réunion, France
3
SAS REUNION ECOEX, 2 rue Maxime rivière, 97490 Sainte Clotilde, La Réunion, France
4
Université de La Réunion, INSERM, UMR 1188 Diabète athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), 97490 Saint-Denis, de La Réunion, France
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Molecules 2019, 24(19), 3447; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24193447
Submission received: 31 August 2019 / Revised: 19 September 2019 / Accepted: 20 September 2019 / Published: 23 September 2019
(This article belongs to the Collection Recent Advances in Flavors and Fragrances)
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Abstract

Zika virus (ZIKV) is an emerging mosquito-borne virus of medical concern. ZIKV infection may represent a serious disease, causing neonatal microcephaly and neurological disorders. Nowadays, there is no approved antiviral against ZIKV. Several indigenous or endemic medicinal plants from Mascarene archipelago in Indian Ocean have been found able to inhibit ZIKV infection. The purpose of our study was to determine whether essential oil (EO) from Reunion Island medicinal plant Ayapana triplinervis, whose thymohydroquinone dimethyl ether (THQ) is the main component has the potential to prevent ZIKV infection in human cells. Virological assays were performed on human epithelial A549 cells infected with either GFP reporter ZIKV or epidemic viral strain. Zebrafish assay was employed to evaluate the acute toxicity of THQ in vivo. We showed that both EO and THQ inhibit ZIKV infection in human cells with IC50 values of 38 and 45 µg/mL, respectively. At the noncytotoxic concentrations, EO and THQ reduced virus progeny production by 3-log. Time-of-drug-addition assays revealed that THQ could act as viral entry inhibitor. At the antiviral effective concentration, THQ injection in zebrafish does not lead to any signs of stress and does not impact fish survival, demonstrating the absence of acute toxicity for THQ. From our data, we propose that THQ is a new potent antiviral phytocompound against ZIKV, supporting the potential use of medicinal plants from Reunion Island as a source of natural and safe antiviral substances against medically important mosquito-borne viruses.
Keywords: Ayapana triplinervis; Zika virus; essential oil; antiviral activity; zebrafish; medicinal plant Ayapana triplinervis; Zika virus; essential oil; antiviral activity; zebrafish; medicinal plant

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MDPI and ACS Style

Haddad, J.G.; Picard, M.; Bénard, S.; Desvignes, C.; Desprès, P.; Diotel, N.; El Kalamouni, C. Ayapana triplinervis Essential Oil and Its Main Component Thymohydroquinone Dimethyl Ether Inhibit Zika Virus at Doses Devoid of Toxicity in Zebrafish. Molecules 2019, 24, 3447. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24193447

AMA Style

Haddad JG, Picard M, Bénard S, Desvignes C, Desprès P, Diotel N, El Kalamouni C. Ayapana triplinervis Essential Oil and Its Main Component Thymohydroquinone Dimethyl Ether Inhibit Zika Virus at Doses Devoid of Toxicity in Zebrafish. Molecules. 2019; 24(19):3447. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24193447

Chicago/Turabian Style

Haddad, Juliano G., Morgane Picard, Sebastien Bénard, Claire Desvignes, Philippe Desprès, Nicolas Diotel, and Chaker El Kalamouni. 2019. "Ayapana triplinervis Essential Oil and Its Main Component Thymohydroquinone Dimethyl Ether Inhibit Zika Virus at Doses Devoid of Toxicity in Zebrafish" Molecules 24, no. 19: 3447. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24193447

APA Style

Haddad, J. G., Picard, M., Bénard, S., Desvignes, C., Desprès, P., Diotel, N., & El Kalamouni, C. (2019). Ayapana triplinervis Essential Oil and Its Main Component Thymohydroquinone Dimethyl Ether Inhibit Zika Virus at Doses Devoid of Toxicity in Zebrafish. Molecules, 24(19), 3447. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24193447

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