Dietary Natural N-Acetyl-d-Glucosamine Prevents Bone Loss in Ovariectomized Rat Model of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Identification and Properties Analysis of NAG
2.2. Dietary NAG Ameliorated Body and Uterine Weight of Ovariectomized Rats
2.3. NAG Consumption Changed Alkaline Phosphatase and Ca Contents in Serum of Ovariectomized Rats
2.4. NAG Administration Improved Bone Mechanical Properties of Ovariectomized Rats
2.5. Elevation of Bone Mineral Calcium Content in Femur and Tibia by NAG
2.6. Antiosteoporotic Activity of NAG in Tibia Bones of Ovariectomized Rats
2.7. Elevation of Osteoblasts Proliferation and Differentiation by NAG
2.8. NAG Protects MC3T3-E1 Cells against H2O2 Oxidative Damage
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Materials and Reagents
4.2. Preparation and Physico-Chemical Characteristics of NAG
4.3. Animals and Feeding
4.4. Biochemical Analyses
4.5. Measurement of Femoral Mechanical Strength
4.6. Histological Examination of Tibias
4.7. MC3T3-E1 Cell Culture and Osteoblast Proliferation
4.8. Cellular ALP Activity Assay and Alizarin Red S Staining of Osteoblasts
4.9. Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Oxidation Damage in Osteoblasts
4.10. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample Availability: Not Available. |
Group | Maximum Load (N) | Fracture Deflection (mm) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
8 Weeks | 12 Weeks | 8 Weeks | 12 Weeks | |
Normal group | 138.32 ± 4.44 | 163.97 ± 7.16 | 1.39 ± 0.05 | 1.59 ± 0.11 |
Model group | 111.81 ± 6.84 ## | 93.77 ± 9.4 ## | 1.09 ± 0.02 ## | 1.06 ± 0.03 ## |
NAG 250 mg/kg | 123.63 ± 5.32 ##,* | 161.26 ± 8.33 ** | 1.22 ± 0.06 ##,** | 1.42 ± 0.07 ** |
NAG 100 mg/kg | 117.08 ± 12.36 ## | 148.33 ± 6.38 #,** | 1.14 ± 0.10 ## | 1.29 ± 0.11 ##,** |
Group | Bone Mineral Content | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dry Weight (g) | Ash Weight (g) | Inorganic Content (%) | Femur Ca (mg/g) | Tibia Ca (mg/g) | |
Normal group | 0.5271 ± 0.016 | 0.3427 ± 0.015 | 65.08% | 196.96 ± 1.41 | 180.79 ± 7.84 |
Model group | 0.4682 ± 0.017 ## | 0.2612 ± 0.015 ## | 56.78% | 132.34 ± 1.35 ## | 104.16 ± 7.6 ## |
NAG 250 mg/kg | 0.5226 ± 0.012 ** | 0.3445 ± 0.007 ** | 65.93% | 202.5 ± 8.73 ** | 163.88 ± 9.96 ** |
NAG 100 mg/kg | 0.4943 ± 0.014 #,* | 0.3022 ± 0.021 #,* | 61.14% | 173.85 ± 13.56 #,** | 156.4 ± 8.36 ##,** |
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Jiang, Z.; Li, Z.; Zhang, W.; Yang, Y.; Han, B.; Liu, W.; Peng, Y. Dietary Natural N-Acetyl-d-Glucosamine Prevents Bone Loss in Ovariectomized Rat Model of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis. Molecules 2018, 23, 2302. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23092302
Jiang Z, Li Z, Zhang W, Yang Y, Han B, Liu W, Peng Y. Dietary Natural N-Acetyl-d-Glucosamine Prevents Bone Loss in Ovariectomized Rat Model of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis. Molecules. 2018; 23(9):2302. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23092302
Chicago/Turabian StyleJiang, Zhiwen, Zhe Li, Wei Zhang, Yan Yang, Baoqin Han, Wanshun Liu, and Yanfei Peng. 2018. "Dietary Natural N-Acetyl-d-Glucosamine Prevents Bone Loss in Ovariectomized Rat Model of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis" Molecules 23, no. 9: 2302. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23092302