Non-Polar Natural Products from Bromelia laciniosa, Neoglaziovia variegata and Encholirium spectabile (Bromeliaceae)
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Bromeliaceae
1.2. B. laciniosa
1.3. N. variegata
1.4. E. spectabile
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Fatty Acids and Their Derivatives
2.2. Very Long-Chain Alkanes (VLCA)
2.3. Vitamins
2.4. Other Compounds
2.5. Triterpenoids and Derivatives Therefrom
2.6. NMR Plant Metabolomics
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Plant Material
3.2. Extraction and Concentration
3.3. GC-FID
3.4. GC-MS (TOF)
3.5. NMR Spectroscopy
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample Availability: Samples of the compounds phytol, β-sitosterol and α-tocopherol are available from the authors. |
Nr. | Compounds According to Group | MF | Exact Mass * | Retention Time (min) | Content (%) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Observed | Calculated | B. L. | N. V. | E.S. | B.L. | N.V. | E.S. | |||
Fatty acids and their derivatives | ||||||||||
1 | n-Hexadecanoic acid (Palmitic acid) | C16H32O2 | 256.24110 | 256.24023 | 57.52 | 57.30 | 57.38 | 11.3 | 7.4 | 6.1 |
2 | Octadeca-(9,12)dienoic acid | C18H32O2 | 280.24398 | 280.24023 | 64.38 | 3.1 | ||||
3 | (9Z)-Octadec-9-enoic acid (Oleic acid) | C18H34O2 C18H32O a | n.a. 264.2434 | 264.24532 | 65.10 | 64.86 | 64.75 | 8.8 | 4.5 | 1.7 |
4 | Octadecanoic acid (Stearic acid) | C18H36O2 | 284.27187 | 284.27153 | 66.05 | 65.88 | 65.88 | 3.2 | 1.4 | 1.1 |
Alkanes | ||||||||||
5 | n-Pentacosane | C25H52 | 79.41 | 0.8 | ||||||
6 | n-Hexacosane | C26H54 | 83.03 | 1.1 | ||||||
7 | n-Heptacosane | C27H56 | 86.54 | 5.7 | ||||||
8 | n-Octacosane | C28H58 | 89.90 | 1.4 | ||||||
9 | n-Nonacosane | C29H60 | 93.16 | 93.14 | 93.18 | 2.0 | 1.0 | 9.3 | ||
10 | n-Triacontane | C30H62 | 99.36 | 99.34 | 99.35 | 18.9 | 13.6 | 3.5 | ||
Vitamins | ||||||||||
11 | β-Tocopherol | C28H48O2 | 416.36392 | 416.36543 | 96.67 | 4.9 | ||||
12 | α-Tocopherol | C29H50O2 | 430.38089 | 430.38108 | 99.60 | 99.56 | 99.52 | 1.8 | 1.5 | 0.9 |
Phytol | ||||||||||
13 | (2E,7R,11R)-3,7,11,15-Tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-ol (Phytol) | C20H40O1 | 296.30982 | 296.30791 | 100.76 | 16.1 | ||||
Triterpenoids and derivatives | ||||||||||
14 | Stigmastan-3-one | C29H50O1 | 414.38688 | 414.38616 | 90.62 | 2.6 | ||||
15 | Campesterol ((3β,24R)-Ergost-5-en-3-ol) | C27H44O2 | 400.33890 | 400.33413 | 102.33 | 102.33 | 102.37 | 4.5 | 3.9 | 9.4 |
16 | Ergostanol | C28H50O1 | 402.38723 | 402.38616 | 102.60 | 4.5 | ||||
17 | Stigmasta-4,22-dien-3-β-ol | C29H48O1 | 412.37123 | 412.37051 | 103.24 | 103.24 | 103.25 | 0.7 | 2.0 | 3.1 |
18 | β-Sitosterol | C29H50O1 | 414.38655 | 414.38616 | 105.18 | 105.14 | 105.16 | 25.8 | 19.8 | 17.8 |
19 | Stigmastanol | C29H52O1 | 416.40276 | 416.40181 | 105.42 | 17.6 | ||||
20 | 24-Methyl-3-β-9,19-cyclolanost-24-en-3-ol | C31H52O1 | 440.40234 | 440.40181 | 108.67 | 3.2 | ||||
Unidentified | 23.0 | 14.7 | 16.3 |
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Juvik, O.J.; Holmelid, B.; Francis, G.W.; Lie Andersen, H.; De Oliveira, A.P.; Gonçalves de Oliveira Júnior, R.; Guedes da Silva Almeida, J.R.; Fossen, T. Non-Polar Natural Products from Bromelia laciniosa, Neoglaziovia variegata and Encholirium spectabile (Bromeliaceae). Molecules 2017, 22, 1478. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules22091478
Juvik OJ, Holmelid B, Francis GW, Lie Andersen H, De Oliveira AP, Gonçalves de Oliveira Júnior R, Guedes da Silva Almeida JR, Fossen T. Non-Polar Natural Products from Bromelia laciniosa, Neoglaziovia variegata and Encholirium spectabile (Bromeliaceae). Molecules. 2017; 22(9):1478. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules22091478
Chicago/Turabian StyleJuvik, Ole Johan, Bjarte Holmelid, George W. Francis, Heidi Lie Andersen, Ana Paula De Oliveira, Raimundo Gonçalves de Oliveira Júnior, Jackson Roberto Guedes da Silva Almeida, and Torgils Fossen. 2017. "Non-Polar Natural Products from Bromelia laciniosa, Neoglaziovia variegata and Encholirium spectabile (Bromeliaceae)" Molecules 22, no. 9: 1478. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules22091478