The Roles of Direct Recognition by Animal Lectins in Antiviral Immunity and Viral Pathogenesis
1
Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
2
Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China
3
School of Life Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
4
Center for Reproductive Medicine, Tai'an Central Hospital, Tai'an 271000, China
5
Ji'nan Infectious Diseases Hospital, Ji'nan 250021, China
6
Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editor: Tzi Bun NG
Molecules 2015, 20(2), 2272-2295; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules20022272
Received: 28 August 2014
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Accepted: 21 January 2015
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Published: 29 January 2015
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Lectins)
Lectins are a group of proteins with carbohydrate recognition activity. Lectins are categorized into many families based on their different cellular locations as well as their specificities for a variety of carbohydrate structures due to the features of their carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) modules. Many studies have indicated that the direct recognition of particular oligosaccharides on viral components by lectins is important for interactions between hosts and viruses. Herein, we aim to globally review the roles of this recognition by animal lectins in antiviral immune responses and viral pathogenesis. The different classes of mammalian lectins can either recognize carbohydrates to activate host immunity for viral elimination or can exploit those carbohydrates as susceptibility factors to facilitate viral entry, replication or assembly. Additionally, some arthropod C-type lectins were recently identified as key susceptibility factors that directly interact with multiple viruses and then facilitate infection. Summarization of the pleiotropic roles of direct viral recognition by animal lectins will benefit our understanding of host-virus interactions and could provide insight into the role of lectins in antiviral drug and vaccine development.
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Keywords:
lectin; virus; direct interaction; antiviral immunity; viral pathogenesis
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MDPI and ACS Style
Liu, Y.; Liu, J.; Pang, X.; Liu, T.; Ning, Z.; Cheng, G. The Roles of Direct Recognition by Animal Lectins in Antiviral Immunity and Viral Pathogenesis. Molecules 2015, 20, 2272-2295. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules20022272
AMA Style
Liu Y, Liu J, Pang X, Liu T, Ning Z, Cheng G. The Roles of Direct Recognition by Animal Lectins in Antiviral Immunity and Viral Pathogenesis. Molecules. 2015; 20(2):2272-2295. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules20022272
Chicago/Turabian StyleLiu, Yang, Jianying Liu, Xiaojing Pang, Tao Liu, Zhijie Ning, and Gong Cheng. 2015. "The Roles of Direct Recognition by Animal Lectins in Antiviral Immunity and Viral Pathogenesis" Molecules 20, no. 2: 2272-2295. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules20022272
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