Tripolyphosphate Cross-Linked Macromolecular Composites for the Growth of Shape- and Size-Controlled Apatites
1
Department of Polymer Materials, Vanung University, Chung-Li 320, Taiwan
2
Department of Chemical Engineering, MingChi University of Technology, Taipei 243, Taiwan
3
Department of Biochemistry, School of medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
4
Material and Chemical Research Laboratories (MCL), Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI), HsinChu, 310, Taiwan
5
Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Molecules 2013, 18(1), 27-40; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules18010027
Received: 8 November 2012
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Revised: 26 November 2012
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Accepted: 10 December 2012
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Published: 20 December 2012
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Chitins and Chitosans)
Bioactive composites that enable the formation of calcium phosphates have received increased attention over the last decade, in the development of osteoconductive biomaterials for orthopaedic applications. In this work, tripolyphosphate (TPP)-cross-linked chitosan/gelatin composites (TPP-CG) were prepared for the growth of shape- and size-controlled calcium phosphates on/in the composites. The mineralization pattern of the composites, after soaking in the Ca(OH)2 aqueous solution, clearly demonstrated oriented, needle-like nanocrystallites of calcium phosphates in the matrix with especially high Ca/P molar ratio (3.98) as detected by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis. Subsequent to mineralization in a simulated body fluid (SBF), the mineralized composites showed micro-scaled spherical aggregates deposited on the surface and granule-like nanocrystallites grew in the matrix. The Ca/P molar ratio (1.72) and X-ray diffraction pattern of the nanocrystallites grown in the composites were similar to those of hydroxyapatite (HAp). Osteoblastic differentiation of ROS cells cultured on the mineralized composites allowed an enhanced expression of the chosen osteogenic marker (alkaline phosphatase, ALPase). These results indicated that the composites mineralized with micro- and nano-scaled calcium phosphates with various structural features make them attractive for bone tissue engineering applications.
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Keywords:
chitosan; gelatin; composites; apatite; mineralization
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MDPI and ACS Style
Yu, S.-H.; Wu, S.-J.; Wu, J.-Y.; Peng, C.-K.; Mi, F.-L. Tripolyphosphate Cross-Linked Macromolecular Composites for the Growth of Shape- and Size-Controlled Apatites. Molecules 2013, 18, 27-40. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules18010027
AMA Style
Yu S-H, Wu S-J, Wu J-Y, Peng C-K, Mi F-L. Tripolyphosphate Cross-Linked Macromolecular Composites for the Growth of Shape- and Size-Controlled Apatites. Molecules. 2013; 18(1):27-40. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules18010027
Chicago/Turabian StyleYu, Shu-Huei, Shao-Jung Wu, Jui-Yu Wu, Chih-Kang Peng, and Fwu-Long Mi. 2013. "Tripolyphosphate Cross-Linked Macromolecular Composites for the Growth of Shape- and Size-Controlled Apatites" Molecules 18, no. 1: 27-40. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules18010027
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