Next Article in Journal
Synthesis and Calcium Mobilization Activity of cADPR Analogues Which Integrate Nucleobase, Northern and Southern Ribose Modifications
Previous Article in Journal
New Methodology for the Synthesis of Thiobarbiturates Mediated by Manganese(III) Acetate
 
Search for Articles:
Title / Keyword
Author / Affiliation
Journal
Article Type
 
 
Advanced Search
 
Section
Special Issue
Volume
Issue
Number
Page
Journals
Molecules
Volume 17
Issue 4
10.3390/molecules17044326
molecules-logo
Submit to this Journal Review for this Journal Edit a Special Issue
► Article Menu

Article Menu

share announcement question_answer thumb_up
...
textsms
...
Article

Repeated Dose 28-Days Oral Toxicity Study of Carica papaya L. Leaf Extract in Sprague Dawley Rats

by
Adlin Afzan
1,*,
Noor Rain Abdullah
1,2,
Siti Zaleha Halim
1,
Badrul Amini Rashid
1,
Raja Hazlini Raja Semail
1,
Noordini Abdullah
1,
Ibrahim Jantan
3,
Hussin Muhammad
1 and
Zakiah Ismail
1
1
Herbal Medicine Research Center, Institute for Medical Research, Jalan Pahang 50588, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
2
Infectious Disease Research Center, Institute for Medical Research, Jalan Pahang 50588, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
3
Faculty of Pharmacy, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz 50300, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Molecules 2012, 17(4), 4326-4342; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules17044326
Received: 22 February 2012 / Revised: 20 March 2012 / Accepted: 23 March 2012 / Published: 10 April 2012
(This article belongs to the Section Natural Products Chemistry)
View Full-Text Download PDF
Browse Figures

Abstract

Carica papaya L. leaves have been used in ethnomedicine for the treatment of fevers and cancers. Despite its benefits, very few studies on their potential toxicity have been described. The aim of the present study was to characterize the chemical composition of the leaf extract from ‘Sekaki’ C. papaya cultivar by UPLC-TripleTOF-ESI-MS and to investigate the sub-acute oral toxicity in Sprague Dawley rats at doses of 0.01, 0.14 and 2 g/kg by examining the general behavior, clinical signs, hematological parameters, serum biochemistry and histopathology changes. A total of twelve compounds consisting of one piperidine alkaloid, two organic acids, six malic acid derivatives, and four flavonol glycosides were characterized or tentatively identified in the C. papaya leaf extract. In the sub-acute study, the C. papaya extract did not cause mortality nor were treatment-related changes in body weight, food intake, water level, and hematological parameters observed between treatment and control groups. Some biochemical parameters such as the total protein, HDL-cholesterol, AST, ALT and ALP were elevated in a non-dose dependent manner. Histopathological examination of all organs including liver did not reveal morphological alteration. Other parameters showed non-significant differences between treatment and control groups. The present results suggest that C. papaya leaf extract at a dose up to fourteen times the levels employed in practical use in traditional medicine in Malaysia could be considered safe as a medicinal agent. View Full-Text
Keywords: Carica papaya; papaya leaf; chemical fingerprinting; sub-acute toxicity study; 28-days repeated dose Carica papaya; papaya leaf; chemical fingerprinting; sub-acute toxicity study; 28-days repeated dose
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License

Supplementary Material

SciFeed

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Afzan, A.; Abdullah, N.R.; Halim, S.Z.; Rashid, B.A.; Semail, R.H.R.; Abdullah, N.; Jantan, I.; Muhammad, H.; Ismail, Z. Repeated Dose 28-Days Oral Toxicity Study of Carica papaya L. Leaf Extract in Sprague Dawley Rats. Molecules 2012, 17, 4326-4342. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules17044326

AMA Style

Afzan A, Abdullah NR, Halim SZ, Rashid BA, Semail RHR, Abdullah N, Jantan I, Muhammad H, Ismail Z. Repeated Dose 28-Days Oral Toxicity Study of Carica papaya L. Leaf Extract in Sprague Dawley Rats. Molecules. 2012; 17(4):4326-4342. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules17044326

Chicago/Turabian Style

Afzan, Adlin, Noor Rain Abdullah, Siti Zaleha Halim, Badrul Amini Rashid, Raja Hazlini Raja Semail, Noordini Abdullah, Ibrahim Jantan, Hussin Muhammad, and Zakiah Ismail. 2012. "Repeated Dose 28-Days Oral Toxicity Study of Carica papaya L. Leaf Extract in Sprague Dawley Rats" Molecules 17, no. 4: 4326-4342. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules17044326

Find Other Styles

Article Metrics

Article Access Map by Country/Region

1
Only visits after 24 November 2015 are recorded.
Back to TopTop