Textile Dye Removal from Wastewater Effluents Using Bioflocculants Produced by Indigenous Bacterial Isolates
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Dye Removal by the Bacterial Bioflocculants
2.2. Effect of pH and Temperature on Dye Removal
Colour | Classification | Dyes | Concentration (%) | Bulk Density (kg/m3) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Whale | Azo | Dianix yellow S-6G | 0.37 | ≈600 |
Dianix rubine S-3B | 0.085 | |||
Dianix navy CC | 1.70 | |||
Medi-blue | Anthraquinone | Avolan 15 LIQ | 0.30 | 400–600 |
Dianix turquois blue S-BG | 0.35 | |||
Dianix blue KFBL | 0.0084 | |||
Fawn | Azo | Dianix yellow S-6G | 0.048 | 450–520 |
Tiacron/rubine – C-BT 200 | 0.038 | |||
Dianix blue K-FBL | 0.018 |
2.3. Dye Removal in the Presence of Cationic Salts
Dye removal (%) | |||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Isolate | CTAB | CaCl2 | MnCl2 | MgSO4 | |||||||||||||||
WD | MD | FD | MD | WD | MD | FD | MD | WD | MD | FD | MD | WD | MD | FD | MD | ||||
E1 | 36.58 | 72.87 | 96.83 | 59.85 | 68.36 | 50.34 | 53.47 | 78.47 | 99.10 | 99.58 | 77.40 | 83.74 | 99.57 | 77.70 | 71.03 | 62.33 | |||
D1 | 61.60 | 72.39 | 98.29 | 40.92 | 75.36 | 49.39 | 50.21 | 65.07 | 98.20 | 84.03 | 80.23 | 76.85 | 94.89 | 70.63 | 73.62 | 56.28 | |||
R2 | 28.41 | 76.66 | 89.27 | 40.41 | 73.82 | 53.98 | 57.00 | 75.60 | 98.20 | 94.12 | 76.04 | 98.52 | 97.45 | 85.87 | 74.17 | 68.37 | |||
A22 | 29.19 | 66.56 | 88.54 | 43.48 | 77.46 | 49.93 | 53.32 | 64.12 | 99.10 | 87.82 | 73.82 | 95.07 | 88.51 | 79.55 | 74.17 | 61.40 | |||
A17 | 37.71 | 83.82 | 74.88 | 20.97 | 74.91 | 52.50 | 99.01 | 78.47 | 99.10 | 94.96 | 76.65 | 99.11 | 93.62 | 81.78 | 70.30 | 59.54 | |||
A14 | 38.92 | 77.04 | 46.83 | 35.29 | 74.55 | 56.14 | 99.43 | 84.21 | 97.21 | 95.80 | 83.24 | 99.02 | 95.32 | 89.22 | 68.08 | 52.56 |
3. Discussion
4. Experimental
4.1. Bioflocculant-Producing Bacterial Isolation and Identification
4.2. Bioflocculant Production
4.3. Textile Dyes Used in This Study
4.4. Dye Removal by the Bacterial Bioflocculants
4.5. Effect of pH and Temperature on Dye Removal
4.6. Determination of the Effects of Cationic Salts on Dye Removal
5. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
- Sample Availability: Samples of the compounds are available from the authors.
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Buthelezi, S.P.; Olaniran, A.O.; Pillay, B. Textile Dye Removal from Wastewater Effluents Using Bioflocculants Produced by Indigenous Bacterial Isolates. Molecules 2012, 17, 14260-14274. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules171214260
Buthelezi SP, Olaniran AO, Pillay B. Textile Dye Removal from Wastewater Effluents Using Bioflocculants Produced by Indigenous Bacterial Isolates. Molecules. 2012; 17(12):14260-14274. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules171214260
Chicago/Turabian StyleButhelezi, Simphiwe P., Ademola O. Olaniran, and Balakrishna Pillay. 2012. "Textile Dye Removal from Wastewater Effluents Using Bioflocculants Produced by Indigenous Bacterial Isolates" Molecules 17, no. 12: 14260-14274. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules171214260