Insecticidal Activity of Essential Oil of Carum Carvi Fruits from China and Its Main Components against Two Grain Storage Insects
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Chemical Composition of the Essential Oils
Compounds | RI * | Relative content (%) |
---|---|---|
α-Pinene | 939 | 5.17 |
β-Pinene | 974 | 0.02 |
β-Myrcene | 991 | 4.67 |
p-Cymene | 1026 | 0.34 |
D-Limonene | 1029 | 26.55 |
1,8-Cineol | 1032 | 0.45 |
Linalool | 1097 | 0.87 |
cis-Limonene oxide | 1132 | 0.63 |
Menthone | 1152 | 0.59 |
Menthol | 1172 | 0.07 |
4-Terpineol | 1174 | 1.34 |
γ-Terpinene | 1179 | 0.17 |
p-Cymen-8-ol | 1182 | 0.49 |
Dihydrocarvone | 1200 | 1.21 |
cis-Carveol | 1226 | 5.01 |
Cuminic aldehyde | 1236 | 0.06 |
(R)-Carvone | 1242 | 37.98 |
Dihydrocarveol | 1253 | 1.08 |
α-Terpinene-7-al | 1277 | 1.04 |
Bornyl acetate | 1285 | 0.94 |
Cumin alcohol | 1288 | 0.72 |
Eugenol | 1356 | 1.45 |
Methyleugenol | 1401 | 0.93 |
Germacrene D | 1479 | 2.81 |
Myristicin | 1513 | 0.05 |
Elemicine | 1554 | 0.19 |
Caryophyllene oxide | 1583 | 1.23 |
Apiol | 1682 | 0.41 |
Phytol | 2119 | 0.06 |
1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, mono(2-ethylhexyl)ester | 2549 | 1.05 |
Total | 97.58 |
2.2. Insecticidal Activity
Insect | Compounds | LD50* (95% FL) | LD90* (95% FL) | Slope ± SE | Chi square (χ2 ) | df |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SZ | Essential oil | 3.07 | 4.34 | 8.52 ± 1.02 | 9.36 | 24 |
(2.89-3.29) | (3.91-4.67) | |||||
(R)-Carvone | 2.79 | 3.93 | 8.66 ± 0.94 | 7.44 | 24 | |
(2.53-3.06) | (3.67-4.05) | |||||
D-Limonene | 29.86 | 44.86 | 7.38 ± 0.84 | 8.64 | 24 | |
(27.28-30.10) | (41.49-47.23) | |||||
Pyrethrum extract** | 4.29 (3.86-4.72) | - | - | - | - | |
TC | Essential oil | 3.39 | 6.08 | 5.06 ± 0.63 | 12.48 | 24 |
(3.11-3.72) | (5.57-6.54) | |||||
(R)-Carvone | 2.64 | 4.27 | 6.14 ± 0.88 | 6.27 | 24 | |
(2.41-2.93) | (3.91-4.56) | |||||
D-Limonene | 20.14 | 43.58 | 1.59 ± 0.22 | 16.02 | 24 | |
(18.45-21.89) | (39.85-46.91) | |||||
Pyrethrum extract** | 0.36 (0.32-0.41) | - | - | - | - |
Insect | Compounds | LC50* (95% FL) | LC90* (95% FL) | Slope ± SE | Chi square (χ2) | df | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SZ | Essential oil | 3.37 | 5.04 | 7.34 ± 0.84 | 6.48 | 24 | |||||||
(3.02-3.73) | (4.69-5.43) | ||||||||||||
(R)-Carvone | 2.76 | 4.56 | 5.89 ± 0.56 | 14.40 | 24 | ||||||||
(2.59-2.92) | (4.23-4.89) | ||||||||||||
D-Limonene | 48.18 | 104.24 | 3.74 ± 0.40 | 14.88 | 24 | ||||||||
(45.29-51.04) | (96.46-108.95) | ||||||||||||
MeBr** | 0.67 | - | - | - | - | ||||||||
TC | Essential oil | 2.53 | 5.47 | 3.83 ± 0.43 | 8.40 | 24 | |||||||
(2.38-2.68) | (4.97-5.89) | ||||||||||||
(R)-Carvone | 1.96 | 3.67 | 4.65 ± 0.59 | 6.96 | 24 | ||||||||
(1.83-2.12) | (3.41-3.93) | ||||||||||||
D-Limonene | 19.10 | 29.19 | 7.25 ± 0.89 | 15.84 | 24 | ||||||||
(17.53-20.04) | (27.22-31.57) | ||||||||||||
MeBr** | 1.75 | - | - | - |
3. Experimental
3.1. General
3.2. Plant material
3.3. Insects
3.4. Essential Oil Distillation
3.5. Purification and Characterization of D-Limonene and (R)-Carvone
3.6. Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry
3.7. Fumigant Toxicity
3.8. Contact Toxicity
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References and Notes
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Fang, R.; Jiang, C.H.; Wang, X.Y.; Zhang, H.M.; Liu, Z.L.; Zhou, L.; Du, S.S.; Deng, Z.W. Insecticidal Activity of Essential Oil of Carum Carvi Fruits from China and Its Main Components against Two Grain Storage Insects. Molecules 2010, 15, 9391-9402. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules15129391
Fang R, Jiang CH, Wang XY, Zhang HM, Liu ZL, Zhou L, Du SS, Deng ZW. Insecticidal Activity of Essential Oil of Carum Carvi Fruits from China and Its Main Components against Two Grain Storage Insects. Molecules. 2010; 15(12):9391-9402. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules15129391
Chicago/Turabian StyleFang, Rui, Cai Hong Jiang, Xiu Yi Wang, Hai Ming Zhang, Zhi Long Liu, Ligang Zhou, Shu Shan Du, and Zhi Wei Deng. 2010. "Insecticidal Activity of Essential Oil of Carum Carvi Fruits from China and Its Main Components against Two Grain Storage Insects" Molecules 15, no. 12: 9391-9402. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules15129391
APA StyleFang, R., Jiang, C. H., Wang, X. Y., Zhang, H. M., Liu, Z. L., Zhou, L., Du, S. S., & Deng, Z. W. (2010). Insecticidal Activity of Essential Oil of Carum Carvi Fruits from China and Its Main Components against Two Grain Storage Insects. Molecules, 15(12), 9391-9402. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules15129391