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Entropy
Volume 27
Issue 5
10.3390/e27050513
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

A Novel One-Dimensional Chaotic System for Image Encryption in Network Transmission Through Base64 Encoding

by
Linqing Huang
1,†,
Qingye Huang
2,†,
Han Chen 
3,
Shuting Cai
4,
Xiaoming Xiong
4 and
Jian Yang
5,*
1
School of Advanced Manufacturing, Guangdong University of Technology, Jieyang 522000, China
2
Institute of Collaborative Innovation, University of Macau, Macau, China
3
School of Marine Science and Technology, Shanwei Institute of Technology, Shanwei 516600, China
4
School of Integrated Circuits, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
5
School of Automation, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Entropy 2025, 27(5), 513; https://doi.org/10.3390/e27050513 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 19 April 2025 / Revised: 6 May 2025 / Accepted: 9 May 2025 / Published: 10 May 2025
(This article belongs to the Section Multidisciplinary Applications)
Versions Notes

Abstract

Continuous advancements in digital image transmission technology within network environments have heightened the necessity for secure, convenient, and well-suited image encryption systems. Base64 encoding possesses the ability to convert raw data into printable ASCII characters, facilitating excellent stability transmission across various communication protocols. In this paper, base64 encoding is first used in image encryption to pursue high application value in network transmission. First, a novel one-dimensional discrete chaotic system (1D-LSCM) with complex chaotic behavior is introduced and extensively tested. Second, a new multi-image encryption algorithm based on the proposed 1D-LSCM and base64 encoding is presented. Technically, three original grayscale images are constructed as a color image and encoded in base64 characters. To purse high plaintext sensitivity, the original image is input to the SHA-256 hash function and its output is used to influence the generated keystream employed in the permutation and diffusion process. After scramble and diffusion operations, the base64 ciphertext is obtained. Finally, test results derived from comprehensive tests prove that our proposed algorithm has remarkable security and encryption efficiency.
Keywords: base64 encoding; multiple image encryption; 1D-chaotic system; SHA-256 hash function; plaintext sensitivity; network transmission base64 encoding; multiple image encryption; 1D-chaotic system; SHA-256 hash function; plaintext sensitivity; network transmission

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Huang, L.; Huang, Q.; Chen , H.; Cai, S.; Xiong, X.; Yang, J. A Novel One-Dimensional Chaotic System for Image Encryption in Network Transmission Through Base64 Encoding. Entropy 2025, 27, 513. https://doi.org/10.3390/e27050513

AMA Style

Huang L, Huang Q, Chen  H, Cai S, Xiong X, Yang J. A Novel One-Dimensional Chaotic System for Image Encryption in Network Transmission Through Base64 Encoding. Entropy. 2025; 27(5):513. https://doi.org/10.3390/e27050513

Chicago/Turabian Style

Huang, Linqing, Qingye Huang, Han Chen , Shuting Cai, Xiaoming Xiong, and Jian Yang. 2025. "A Novel One-Dimensional Chaotic System for Image Encryption in Network Transmission Through Base64 Encoding" Entropy 27, no. 5: 513. https://doi.org/10.3390/e27050513

APA Style

Huang, L., Huang, Q., Chen , H., Cai, S., Xiong, X., & Yang, J. (2025). A Novel One-Dimensional Chaotic System for Image Encryption in Network Transmission Through Base64 Encoding. Entropy, 27(5), 513. https://doi.org/10.3390/e27050513

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