A Low Complexity Near-Optimal Iterative Linear Detector for Massive MIMO in Realistic Radio Channels of 5G Communication Systems
1
Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, A’Sharqiyah University, Ibra 400, Oman
2
Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Sejong University, 209 Neugdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05006, Korea
3
School of Electrical Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Korea
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Entropy 2020, 22(4), 388; https://doi.org/10.3390/e22040388
Received: 20 February 2020
/
Revised: 24 March 2020
/
Accepted: 26 March 2020
/
Published: 28 March 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Information Theory and 5G/6G Mobile Communications)
Massive multiple-input multiple-output (M-MIMO) is a substantial pillar in fifth generation (5G) mobile communication systems. Although the maximum likelihood (ML) detector attains the optimum performance, it has an exponential complexity. Linear detectors are one of the substitutions and they are comparatively simple to implement. Unfortunately, they sustain a considerable performance loss in high loaded systems. They also include a matrix inversion which is not hardware-friendly. In addition, if the channel matrix is singular or nearly singular, the system will be classified as an ill-conditioned and hence, the signal cannot be equalized. To defeat the inherent noise enhancement, iterative matrix inversion methods are used in the detectors’ design where approximate matrix inversion is replacing the exact computation. In this paper, we study a linear detector based on iterative matrix inversion methods in realistic radio channels called QUAsi Deterministic RadIo channel GenerAtor (QuaDRiGa) package. Numerical results illustrate that the conjugate-gradient (CG) method is numerically robust and obtains the best performance with lowest number of multiplications. In the QuaDRiGA environment, iterative methods crave large to obtain a pleasurable performance. This paper also shows that when the ratio between the user antennas and base station (BS) antennas ( ) is close to 1, iterative matrix inversion methods are not attaining a good detector’s performance.
View Full-Text
Keywords:
5G; massive MIMO; detection; iterative matrix inversion methods; QuaDRiGa
▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
MDPI and ACS Style
Albreem, M.A.; Alsharif, M.H.; Kim, S. A Low Complexity Near-Optimal Iterative Linear Detector for Massive MIMO in Realistic Radio Channels of 5G Communication Systems. Entropy 2020, 22, 388. https://doi.org/10.3390/e22040388
AMA Style
Albreem MA, Alsharif MH, Kim S. A Low Complexity Near-Optimal Iterative Linear Detector for Massive MIMO in Realistic Radio Channels of 5G Communication Systems. Entropy. 2020; 22(4):388. https://doi.org/10.3390/e22040388
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlbreem, Mahmoud A., Mohammed H. Alsharif, and Sunghwan Kim. 2020. "A Low Complexity Near-Optimal Iterative Linear Detector for Massive MIMO in Realistic Radio Channels of 5G Communication Systems" Entropy 22, no. 4: 388. https://doi.org/10.3390/e22040388
Find Other Styles
Note that from the first issue of 2016, MDPI journals use article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.
