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Entropy
Volume 18
Issue 1
10.3390/e18010021
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Article

Entropy Assessment on Direct Contact Condensation of Subsonic Steam Jets in a Water Tank through Numerical Investigation

by
Yu Ji
1,2,
Hao-Chun Zhang
1,*,
Jian-Fei Tong
3,
Xu-Wei Wang
4,
Han Wang
4 and
Yi-Ning Zhang
1
1
School of Energy Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
2
Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
3
Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
4
State Nuclear Power Technology R & D Center, Beijing 102209, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editors: Milivoje M. Kostic and Kevin H. Knuth
Entropy 2016, 18(1), 21; https://doi.org/10.3390/e18010021
Received: 1 October 2015 / Revised: 21 December 2015 / Accepted: 31 December 2015 / Published: 7 January 2016
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Exploring the Second Law of Thermodynamics)
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Abstract

The present article analyzes the dissipation characteristics of the direct contact condensation (DCC) phenomenon that occurs when steam is injected into a water tank at a subsonic speed using a new modeling approach for the entropy generation over the calculation domain. The developed entropy assessment model is based on the local equilibrium hypothesis of non-equilibrium thermodynamics. The fluid flow and heat transfer processes are investigated numerically. To describe the condensation and evaporation process at the vapor-liquid interface, a phase change model originated from the kinetic theory of gas is implemented with the mixture model for multiphase flow in the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code ANSYS-FLUENT. The CFD predictions agree well with the published works, which indicates the phase change model combined with the mixture model is a promising way to simulate the DCC phenomenon. In addition, three clear stages as initial stage, developing stage and oscillatory stage are discriminated from both the thermal-hydraulic results and the entropy generation information. During different stages, different proportion of the entropy generation rate owing to heat transfer, viscous direct dissipation, turbulent dissipation and inner phase change in total entropy generation rate is estimated, which is favorable to deeper understanding the irreversibility of DCC phenomenon, designing and optimizing the equipment involved in the process. View Full-Text
Keywords: entropy generation; subsonic steam jet; direct contact condensation; transport process; numerical investigation entropy generation; subsonic steam jet; direct contact condensation; transport process; numerical investigation
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This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
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MDPI and ACS Style

Ji, Y.; Zhang, H.-C.; Tong, J.-F.; Wang, X.-W.; Wang, H.; Zhang, Y.-N. Entropy Assessment on Direct Contact Condensation of Subsonic Steam Jets in a Water Tank through Numerical Investigation. Entropy 2016, 18, 21. https://doi.org/10.3390/e18010021

AMA Style

Ji Y, Zhang H-C, Tong J-F, Wang X-W, Wang H, Zhang Y-N. Entropy Assessment on Direct Contact Condensation of Subsonic Steam Jets in a Water Tank through Numerical Investigation. Entropy. 2016; 18(1):21. https://doi.org/10.3390/e18010021

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ji, Yu, Hao-Chun Zhang, Jian-Fei Tong, Xu-Wei Wang, Han Wang, and Yi-Ning Zhang. 2016. "Entropy Assessment on Direct Contact Condensation of Subsonic Steam Jets in a Water Tank through Numerical Investigation" Entropy 18, no. 1: 21. https://doi.org/10.3390/e18010021

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