Self-oscillating Water Chemiluminescence Modes and Reactive Oxygen Species Generation Induced by Laser Irradiation; Effect of the Exclusion Zone Created by Nafion
by
Sergey V. Gudkov 1,2,3, Maxim E. Astashev 1,2,4, Vadim I. Bruskov 1,2, Valeriy А. Kozlov 3,5, Stanislav D. Zakharov 4,6,7 and Nikolai F. Bunkin 3,4,5,*
Sergey V. Gudkov 1,2,3, Maxim E. Astashev 1,2,4, Vadim I. Bruskov 1,2, Valeriy А. Kozlov 3,5, Stanislav D. Zakharov 4,6,7 and Nikolai F. Bunkin 3,4,5,*
1
Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Institutskaya 3, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia
2
Pushchino State Natural Scientific Institute Pushchino, Nauki prospekt 1, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia
3
Prokhorov General Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Vavilova 38, 119991, Russia
4
Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Institutskaya 3, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia
5
Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Moscow, Second Baumanskaya, 5, 105005, Russia
6
Lebedev Physical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Leninskiy prospekt 53, 119991, Russia
7
National Research Nuclear University "MEPhI", Moscow, Kashirskoye shosse 31, 115409, Russia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Entropy 2014, 16(11), 6166-6185; https://doi.org/10.3390/e16116166
Received: 20 August 2014 / Revised: 30 October 2014 / Accepted: 17 November 2014 / Published: 21 November 2014
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Entropy and EZ-Water)
Samples of water inside and outside an exclusion zone (EZ), created by Nafion swollen in water, were irradiated at the wavelength l = 1264 nm, which stimulates the electronic transition of dissolved oxygen from the triplet state to the excited singlet state. This irradiation induces, after a long latent period, chemiluminescence self-oscillations in the visible and near UV spectral range, which last many hours. It occurs that this effect is EZ-specific: the chemiluminescence intensity is twice lower than that from the bulk water, while the latent period is longer for the EZ. Laser irradiation causes accumulation of H2O2, which is also EZ-specific: its concentration inside the EZ is less than that in the bulk water. These phenomena can be interpreted in terms of a model of decreasing O2 content in the EZ due to increased chemical activity of bisulfite anions (HSO3−), arisen as the result of dissociation of terminal sulfonate groups of the Nafion. The wavelet transform analysis of the chemiluminescence intensity from the EZ and the bulk water gives, that self-oscillations regimes occurring in the liquid after the latent period are the determinate processes. It occurred that the chemiluminescence dynamics in case of EZ is characterized by a single-frequency self-oscillating regime, whereas in case of the bulk water, the self-oscillation spectrum consists of three spectral bands.
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Keywords:
Nafion; EZ water; exclusion zone; luminescence; reactive oxygen species (ROS); singlet oxygen; wavelet; phase frequency coherence; IR-laser
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MDPI and ACS Style
Gudkov, S.V.; Astashev, M.E.; Bruskov, V.I.; Kozlov, V.А.; Zakharov, S.D.; Bunkin, N.F. Self-oscillating Water Chemiluminescence Modes and Reactive Oxygen Species Generation Induced by Laser Irradiation; Effect of the Exclusion Zone Created by Nafion. Entropy 2014, 16, 6166-6185.
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