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Search Results (5)

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Keywords = wireless implantable biotelemetry

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12 pages, 6133 KiB  
Article
Passive Biotelemetric Detection of Tibial Debonding in Wireless Battery-Free Smart Knee Implants
by Thomas A. G. Hall, Frederic Cegla and Richard J. van Arkel
Sensors 2024, 24(5), 1696; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24051696 - 6 Mar 2024
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1985
Abstract
Aseptic loosening is the dominant failure mechanism in contemporary knee replacement surgery, but diagnostic techniques are poorly sensitive to the early stages of loosening and poorly specific in delineating aseptic cases from infections. Smart implants have been proposed as a solution, but incorporating [...] Read more.
Aseptic loosening is the dominant failure mechanism in contemporary knee replacement surgery, but diagnostic techniques are poorly sensitive to the early stages of loosening and poorly specific in delineating aseptic cases from infections. Smart implants have been proposed as a solution, but incorporating components for sensing, powering, processing, and communication increases device cost, size, and risk; hence, minimising onboard instrumentation is desirable. In this study, two wireless, battery-free smart implants were developed that used passive biotelemetry to measure fixation at the implant–cement interface of the tibial components. The sensing system comprised of a piezoelectric transducer and coil, with the transducer affixed to the superior surface of the tibial trays of both partial (PKR) and total knee replacement (TKR) systems. Fixation was measured via pulse-echo responses elicited via a three-coil inductive link. The instrumented systems could detect loss of fixation when the implants were partially debonded (+7.1% PKA, +32.6% TKA, both p < 0.001) and fully debonded in situ (+6.3% PKA, +32.5% TKA, both p < 0.001). Measurements were robust to variations in positioning of the external reader, soft tissue, and the femoral component. With low cost and small form factor, the smart implant concept could be adopted for clinical use, particularly for generating an understanding of uncertain aseptic loosening mechanisms. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Implantable Sensors and Biomedical Applications)
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7 pages, 1104 KiB  
Proceeding Paper
A Review on Wearable Antennas
by Vimokshavardhan Daware and Jagadish Jadhav
Eng. Proc. 2023, 56(1), 133; https://doi.org/10.3390/ASEC2023-16627 - 14 Dec 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3039
Abstract
Specialized antennas called wearable antennas for biotelemetry wireless communication are made to be built into or worn on the body to allow wireless communication between devices like heart monitors, medical implants, and other bio-telemetry equipment. These kinds of antennas are usually incredibly small [...] Read more.
Specialized antennas called wearable antennas for biotelemetry wireless communication are made to be built into or worn on the body to allow wireless communication between devices like heart monitors, medical implants, and other bio-telemetry equipment. These kinds of antennas are usually incredibly small and need to be able to function properly while near a human body. Wearable antennas for wireless biotelemetry communication can be constructed from a range of materials, such as textiles, polymers, and metals. The UHF, ISM, and Medical Implant Communication Service (MICS) bands are among the several wireless communication frequencies in which they are intended to function. These antennas are essential for the wireless transmission of medical data, including vital signs, that are gathered by biotelemetry devices. Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 4th International Electronic Conference on Applied Sciences)
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16 pages, 15390 KiB  
Article
A Novel Dual-Band Implantable Antenna for Pancreas Telemetry Sensor Applications
by Maria Matthaiou, Stavros Koulouridis and Stavros Kotsopoulos
Telecom 2022, 3(1), 1-16; https://doi.org/10.3390/telecom3010001 - 1 Jan 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3460
Abstract
In this study, a novel implantable dual-band planar inverted F-antenna (PIFA) is proposed and designed for wireless biotelemetry. The developed antenna is intended to operate on the surface of the pancreas within the Medical Device Radiocommunications Service (MedRadio 401–406 MHz) and the industrial [...] Read more.
In this study, a novel implantable dual-band planar inverted F-antenna (PIFA) is proposed and designed for wireless biotelemetry. The developed antenna is intended to operate on the surface of the pancreas within the Medical Device Radiocommunications Service (MedRadio 401–406 MHz) and the industrial scientific and medical band (ISM, 2.4–2.5 GHz). The design analysis was carried out in two steps, initially inside a canonical model representing the pancreas, based on a finite element method (FEM) numerical solver. The proposed antenna was further simulated inside the human body taking into account the corresponding dimensions of the tissues and the electrical properties at the frequencies of interest using a finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) numerical solver. Resonance, radiation performance, electrical field attenuation, total radiated power, and specific absorption rate (SAR), which determines the safety of the patient and the maximum permissible input power and other electromagnetic parameters, are presented and evaluated. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modern Circuits and Systems Technologies on Communications 2021)
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15 pages, 3521 KiB  
Article
Investigation on Insulated, Brain-Implanted Antenna for Highly Reliable Biotelemetry Communication in MICS and ISM Bands
by Geonyeong Shin and Ick-Jae Yoon
Sensors 2020, 20(1), 242; https://doi.org/10.3390/s20010242 - 31 Dec 2019
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 3245
Abstract
We derived a closed-form expression of the maximum power transfer efficiency (MPTE) between a transmitting antenna inside the brain and a receiving antenna outside the head using spherical wave expansion. The derived expression was validated using a FEKO simulation. The properties of the [...] Read more.
We derived a closed-form expression of the maximum power transfer efficiency (MPTE) between a transmitting antenna inside the brain and a receiving antenna outside the head using spherical wave expansion. The derived expression was validated using a FEKO simulation. The properties of the insulator and radiation mode were analyzed in each available medical implant communications service (MICS) and industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) band as a means of increasing the reliability of wireless biotelemetry implementation. Some interesting preceding results in the literature were revisited with the figure-of-merit MPTE. It was also newly found that the effect on MPTE by the physical size and material properties of the insulator in both transverse magnetic (TM) and transverse electric (TE) mode decreases for 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz and the loss of the insulator does not have a severe impact on MPTE once the dielectric constant is greater than a certain value. This work can be used as an implanted-antenna design guide for building reliable biotelemetry communication. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wireless Body Area Networks: Applications and Technologies)
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10 pages, 2508 KiB  
Article
A Pulsed Coding Technique Based on Optical UWB Modulation for High Data Rate Low Power Wireless Implantable Biotelemetry
by Andrea De Marcellis, Elia Palange, Luca Nubile, Marco Faccio, Guido Di Patrizio Stanchieri and Timothy G. Constandinou
Electronics 2016, 5(4), 69; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics5040069 - 17 Oct 2016
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 6021
Abstract
This paper reports on a pulsed coding technique based on optical Ultra-wideband (UWB) modulation for wireless implantable biotelemetry systems allowing for high data rate link whilst enabling significant power reduction compared to the state-of-the-art. This optical data coding approach is suitable for emerging [...] Read more.
This paper reports on a pulsed coding technique based on optical Ultra-wideband (UWB) modulation for wireless implantable biotelemetry systems allowing for high data rate link whilst enabling significant power reduction compared to the state-of-the-art. This optical data coding approach is suitable for emerging biomedical applications like transcutaneous neural wireless communication systems. The overall architecture implementing this optical modulation technique employs sub-nanosecond pulsed laser as the data transmitter and small sensitive area photodiode as the data receiver. Moreover, it includes coding and decoding digital systems, biasing and driving analogue circuits for laser pulse generation and photodiode signal conditioning. The complete system has been implemented on Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) and prototype Printed Circuit Board (PCB) with discrete off-the-shelf components. By inserting a diffuser between the transmitter and the receiver to emulate skin/tissue, the system is capable to achieve a 128 Mbps data rate with a bit error rate less than 10−9 and an estimated total power consumption of about 5 mW corresponding to a power efficiency of 35.9 pJ/bit. These results could allow, for example, the transmission of an 800-channel neural recording interface sampled at 16 kHz with 10-bit resolution. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wearable Electronics and Embedded Computing Systems for Biomedical Applications)
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