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Keywords = volcanic geomorphometry

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22 pages, 7822 KiB  
Article
DTM-Based Comparative Geomorphometric Analysis of Four Scoria Cone Areas—Suggestions for Additional Approaches
by Fanni Vörös, Benjamin van Wyk de Vries, Marie-Noëlle Guilbaud, Tolga Görüm, Dávid Karátson and Balázs Székely
Remote Sens. 2022, 14(23), 6152; https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14236152 - 4 Dec 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2060
Abstract
Morphometric studies of scoria cones have a long history in research. Their geometry and shape are believed to be related to evolution by erosion after their formation, and hence the morphometric parameters are supposed to be related with age. We analysed 501 scoria [...] Read more.
Morphometric studies of scoria cones have a long history in research. Their geometry and shape are believed to be related to evolution by erosion after their formation, and hence the morphometric parameters are supposed to be related with age. We analysed 501 scoria cones of four volcanic fields: San Francisco Volcanic Field (Arizona, USA), Chaîne des Puys (France), Sierra Chichinautzin (Mexico), and Kula Volcanic Field (Turkey). All morphometric parameters (cone height, cone width, crater width, slope angles, ellipticity) were derived using DTMs. As new parameters, we calculated Polar Coordinate Transformed maps, Spatial Elliptical Fourier Descriptors to study the asymmetries. The age groups of the four volcanic fields were created and their slope distributions were analysed. The age groups of individual volcanic fields show a statistically significant decreasing tendency of slope angles tested by Mann–Whitney tests. By mixing the age groups of the volcanic fields and sorting them by age interval, we can also observe a general, statistically significant decrease. The interquartile ranges of the distributions also tend to decrease with time. These observations support the hypothesis that whereas the geometry of individual scoria cones differs initially (just after formation), general trends may exist for their morphological evolution with time in the various volcanic fields. Full article
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22 pages, 11760 KiB  
Article
The Impact of the Caroline Ridge Subduction on the Geomorphological Characteristics of Major Landforms in the Yap Subduction Zone
by Peter Sangana, Qin Gao and Zilong Li
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2022, 10(10), 1414; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10101414 - 3 Oct 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2307
Abstract
The Caroline Ridge (CR) subduction underneath the Philippine Sea Plate brings complex morphotectonic characteristics to the Yap Subduction Zone (YSZ) compared to other normal intra-oceanic subduction systems. However, due to the relative paucity of precise geomorphological information, the detailed morphotectonic settings of the [...] Read more.
The Caroline Ridge (CR) subduction underneath the Philippine Sea Plate brings complex morphotectonic characteristics to the Yap Subduction Zone (YSZ) compared to other normal intra-oceanic subduction systems. However, due to the relative paucity of precise geomorphological information, the detailed morphotectonic settings of the YSZ remain unclear. Therefore, we combine the latest-released bathymetry, marine geomorphometry techniques, and geophysical information to investigate the geomorphological characteristics of landforms in the YSZ and their inter-relationship with the CR subduction. The Parece Vela Basin displays NE-SW oriented fractures which are believed to be influenced by the subduction of CR in the ESE-WNW direction. The north part of the Yap arc exhibits higher Bouguer anomalies, implying the absence of the overlying normal volcanic arc crust. The arc-ward trench shows abnormal higher slope values and reveals two significant slope breaks. The Yap Trench axis reveals varying water depths with an extraordinarily deep point at around 9000 m. The sea-ward trench slope displays higher slope values than normal and shows the presence of grabens, horsts, and normal faults which indicate the bending of the CR before subduction. The CR subduction is observed to be critical in the formation of significant geomorphological characteristics in the YSZ. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Geological Oceanography)
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