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Keywords = ultrasound-assisted dispersive micro solid-phase extraction

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17 pages, 1555 KB  
Article
Exfoliated Graphite as a Solid Sorbent in Ultrasound-Assisted Dispersive Micro-Solid-Phase Extraction for Determination of Chromium and Vanadium in Herbs
by Małgorzata Osińska, Piotr Krawczyk and Magdalena Krawczyk-Coda
Foods 2025, 14(23), 4075; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods14234075 - 27 Nov 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 270
Abstract
In this research, a preconcentration procedure was developed for the sequential determination of chromium and vanadium using high-resolution continuum source graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (HR-CS GFAAS). Due to low concentrations, chromium and vanadium were determined following preconcentration onto exfoliated graphite using ultrasound-assisted [...] Read more.
In this research, a preconcentration procedure was developed for the sequential determination of chromium and vanadium using high-resolution continuum source graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (HR-CS GFAAS). Due to low concentrations, chromium and vanadium were determined following preconcentration onto exfoliated graphite using ultrasound-assisted dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction (US DMSPE). The experimental parameters, including pH of the sample solution, the amount of exfoliated graphite, extraction time, elution conditions, as well as the main parameters of HR-CS GFAAS, were investigated. The calculated limits of detection for Cr and V were 0.003 µg g−1 and 0.006 µg g−1, respectively. The preconcentration factors obtained for Cr and V were 28 and 34, respectively. The RSD ranged from 0.3% to 3.4% for Cr and from 0.9% to 4.6% for V. The accuracy of this method was validated by analyses of INCT-MP4-2 (Mixed Polish Herbs) certified reference material. The measured chromium and vanadium contents were in satisfactory agreement with the certified values according to the t-test for a 95% confidence level. The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of both elements in herbs such as hawthorn flower, hawthorn fruit, motherwort, white mulberry leaf, common milkweed, mistletoe, valerian root, and horse chestnut bark. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Food Analytical Methods)
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10 pages, 1229 KB  
Article
Miniaturized Sample Preparation Methods to Simultaneously Determine the Levels of Glycols, Glycol Ethers and Their Acetates in Cosmetics
by Maria Celeiro, Laura Rubio, Carmen Garcia-Jares and Marta Lores
Cosmetics 2021, 8(4), 102; https://doi.org/10.3390/cosmetics8040102 - 3 Nov 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 5480
Abstract
Two environmentally friendly methodologies based on ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and micro-matrix solid-phase dispersion (µMSPD) followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis are proposed for the first time for the simultaneous analysis of 17 glycols, glycol ethers, and their acetates in cosmetics. These sample [...] Read more.
Two environmentally friendly methodologies based on ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and micro-matrix solid-phase dispersion (µMSPD) followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis are proposed for the first time for the simultaneous analysis of 17 glycols, glycol ethers, and their acetates in cosmetics. These sample preparation approaches result in efficient and low-cost extraction while employing small amounts of sample, with a low consumption of reagents and organic solvents. The use of a highly polar column allows for the direct analysis of the obtained extracts by GC-MS without a previous derivatization step, drastically reducing the sample preparation time and residues and thus complying with green analytical chemistry (GAC) principles. Both the UAE and µMSPD methodologies were validated in terms of linearity, accuracy, and precision, providing satisfactory results. LODs were found to be lower than 0.75 µg g−1, allowing the determination of trace levels of the forbidden target compounds. Finally, the validated methodologies were applied to real cosmetics and personal care products, showing suitability, and providing a reliable and useful tool for cosmetics control laboratories. Full article
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