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Keywords = ternary pumped storage hydro

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23 pages, 7332 KB  
Article
Neural Network-Based Control for Hybrid PV and Ternary Pumped-Storage Hydro Plants
by Soumyadeep Nag and Kwang Y. Lee
Energies 2021, 14(15), 4397; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14154397 - 21 Jul 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2287
Abstract
The growth in renewable energy integration over the past few years, primarily fueled by the drop in capital cost, has revealed the requirement for more sustainable methods of integration. This paper presents a collocated hybrid plant consisting of solar photovoltaic (PV) and Ternary [...] Read more.
The growth in renewable energy integration over the past few years, primarily fueled by the drop in capital cost, has revealed the requirement for more sustainable methods of integration. This paper presents a collocated hybrid plant consisting of solar photovoltaic (PV) and Ternary pumped-storage hydro (TPSH) and designs controls that integrate the PV plant such that the behavior and the controllability of the hybrid plant are similar to those of a conventional plant within operational constraints. The PV array control and hybrid plant control implement a neural–network-based framework to coordinate the response, de-loading, and curtailment of multiple arrays with the response of the TPSH. With the help of the designed controls, a symbiotic relationship is developed between the two energy resources, where the PV compensates for the TPSH nonlinearities and provides required speed of response, while the TPSH firms the PV system and allows the PV to be integrated using its existing infrastructure. Simulations demonstrate that the designed controls enable the PV system to track references, while the TPSH’s firming and shifting transforms the PV system into a base load plant for most of the day and extends its hours of operation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancements in Hydropower Design and Operation for Present and Future Electrical Demand)
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15 pages, 2187 KB  
Article
A Comparison of the Dynamic Performance of Conventional and Ternary Pumped Storage Hydro
by Soumyadeep Nag, Kwang Y. Lee and D. Suchitra
Energies 2019, 12(18), 3513; https://doi.org/10.3390/en12183513 - 12 Sep 2019
Cited by 22 | Viewed by 5522
Abstract
With decreasing costs of renewable energy harvesting devices, penetration of solar panels and wind turbines have increased manifold. Under such high levels of penetration, coping with increased intermittency and unpredictability and maintaining power system resiliency under reduced inertia conditions has become a critical [...] Read more.
With decreasing costs of renewable energy harvesting devices, penetration of solar panels and wind turbines have increased manifold. Under such high levels of penetration, coping with increased intermittency and unpredictability and maintaining power system resiliency under reduced inertia conditions has become a critical issue. Pumped storage hydro (PSH) is the most matured and economic form of storage that can serve the purpose of capacity for over 4 to 8 h. However, to increase network inertia and add required flexibility to low inertia power systems, significant paradigm shifting modifications have been engineered to result in the development of Ternary PSH (TPSH). In this paper a test system to consider governor interaction is constructed. The dynamic models of conventional PSH (CPSH) and TPSH are constructed and integrated to the test system to examine the effect of CPSH and TPSH in the hydraulic short circuit (TPSH-HSC). The ability and the effect of mode change (from pump to turbine) without the loss synchronism of TPSH has also been examined. Results display the superior capability and effect of TPSH with its HSC capability to contribute to frequency regulation during pumping mode and the effect of rapid mode change, as compared to its primitive alternative, CPSH. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optimal Control of Hybrid Systems and Renewable Energies)
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