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Keywords = spark-induced bubble

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17 pages, 7079 KiB  
Article
Ice-Water-Gas Interaction during Icebreaking by an Airgun Bubble
by Qi-Gang Wu, Zuo-Cheng Wang, Bao-Yu Ni, Guang-Yu Yuan, Yuriy A. Semenov, Zhi-Yuan Li and Yan-Zhuo Xue
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2022, 10(9), 1302; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10091302 - 15 Sep 2022
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2407
Abstract
When an airgun releases high-pressure gas underwater below an ice plate, it is observed that a bubble is formed rapidly while the ice plate is broken fiercely. In order to study the ice-water-gas interaction during this transient and violent phenomenon, a set of [...] Read more.
When an airgun releases high-pressure gas underwater below an ice plate, it is observed that a bubble is formed rapidly while the ice plate is broken fiercely. In order to study the ice-water-gas interaction during this transient and violent phenomenon, a set of laboratory-scale devices was designed and a series of icebreaking experiments were carried out. High-speed photography was used to capture the evolution of the bubble and the ice plate. It was found that the airgun bubble had a unique ‘pear’ shape compared with the spherical bubble generated by electric sparking. The pressure induced by the pulsation of the airgun bubble near a rigid wall was measured by the pressure sensor. The initial shockwave, oscillatory pressure peaks caused by the directional fast air injection, secondary shockwave, and pressure peak caused by the bubble jet impact were clearly recorded. Three damage patterns of ice plates were observed and corresponding reasons were analyzed. The influence of dimensionless parameters, such as airgun-ice distance H and ice thickness T, was also investigated. The physical mechanism of ice-water-gas interaction was summarized. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fluid/Structure Interactions II)
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14 pages, 5562 KiB  
Article
Effects of a Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) on Characteristics of Polyaniline Nanoparticles Synthesized by a Solution Plasma Process with an Ar Gas Bubble Channel
by Jun-Goo Shin, Bhum Jae Shin, Eun Young Jung, Choon-Sang Park, Jae Young Kim and Heung-Sik Tae
Polymers 2020, 12(9), 1939; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym12091939 - 27 Aug 2020
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3307
Abstract
The quality of polyaniline nanoparticles (PANI NPs) synthesized in plasma polymerization depends on the discharge characteristics of a solution plasma process (SPP). In this paper, the low temperature dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) is introduced to minimize the destruction of aniline molecules induced by [...] Read more.
The quality of polyaniline nanoparticles (PANI NPs) synthesized in plasma polymerization depends on the discharge characteristics of a solution plasma process (SPP). In this paper, the low temperature dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) is introduced to minimize the destruction of aniline molecules induced by the direct current (DC) spark discharge. By adopting the new electrode structure coupled with a gas channel, a low temperature DBD is successfully implemented in a SPP, for the first time, thus inducing an effective interaction between the Ar plasma and aniline monomer. We examine the effects of a low temperature DBD on characteristics of polyaniline nanoparticles synthesized by a SPP with an Ar gas bubble channel. As a result, both carbonization of aniline monomer and erosion of the electrode are significantly reduced, which is confirmed by analyses of the synthesized PANI NPs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plasma Processes for Polymers)
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12 pages, 2247 KiB  
Article
Improved Instruments and Methods for the Photographic Study of Spark-Induced Cavitation Bubbles
by Qi Zhang, Jing Luo, Yanwei Zhai and Yilan Li
Water 2018, 10(11), 1683; https://doi.org/10.3390/w10111683 - 18 Nov 2018
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 4667
Abstract
An underwater spark is able to induce a cavitation bubble, and this principle has been utilized to make cavitation bubble generators for several decades. In this paper, an improved instrument for generating spark-induced cavitation bubbles is described in detail. The voltage time history [...] Read more.
An underwater spark is able to induce a cavitation bubble, and this principle has been utilized to make cavitation bubble generators for several decades. In this paper, an improved instrument for generating spark-induced cavitation bubbles is described in detail. The voltage time history inside the instrument is measured to show the working process and principle. Cavitation bubbles are generated by the instrument and recorded by a high-speed camera. The radius time history of the bubble is obtained using an image processing algorithm. The ratio of its minimum radius to its maximum radius reaches ~0.2, which indicates that there is little undissolved gas in the bubble. With the radius time history, the velocity fields around the bubbles were calculated by the 1D continuity flow equation, and the pressure fields were calculated by the 1D Euler equation. One cavitation bubble is chosen and discussed in detail. The velocity and pressure on the bubble interface achieve their maximums (~25 m/s and ~1.2 MPa, respectively) at the same time, when the radius is at its minimum (~1 mm). Some statistical results are also presented to show the effect of the instrument. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Hydraulics and Hydrodynamics)
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