Search Results (2)

Adhesive capsulitis is a painful and progressive condition marked by significant limitations in shoulder mobility, particularly affecting external rotation. Although magnetic resonance imaging is regarded as the reference standard for assessing intra-articular structures, its high cost and limited availability present challenges in routine clinical use. In contrast, musculoskeletal ultrasound has emerged as an accessible, real-time, and cost-effective imaging modality for both the diagnosis and treatment guidance of adhesive capsulitis. This narrative review compiles and illustrates current evidence regarding the role of ultrasound, encompassing static B-mode imaging, dynamic motion analysis, contrast-enhanced techniques, and sonoelastography. Key sonographic features—such as thickening of the coracohumeral ligament, fibrosis in the axillary recess, and abnormal tendon kinematics—have been consistently associated with adhesive capsulitis and demonstrate favorable diagnostic performance. Advanced methods like contrast-enhanced ultrasound and elastography provide additional functional insights (enabling evaluation of capsular stiffness and vascular changes) which may aid in disease staging and prediction of treatment response. Despite these advantages, the clinical utility of ultrasound remains subject to operator expertise and technical variability. Limited visualization of intra-articular structures and the absence of standardized scanning protocols continue to pose challenges. Nevertheless, ongoing advances in its technology and utility standardization hold promise for the broader application of ultrasound in clinical practice. With continued research and validation, ultrasound is positioned to play an increasingly central role in the comprehensive assessment and management of adhesive capsulitis. Full article

Stiffness and adhesions following rotator cuff tears (RCTs) are common complications that negatively affect surgical outcomes and impede healing, thereby increasing the risk of morbidity and failure of surgical interventions. Tissue engineering, particularly through the use of nanofiber scaffolds, has emerged as a promising regenerative medicine strategy to address these complications. This review critically assesses the efficacy and limitations of nanofiber-based methods in promoting rotator cuff (RC) regeneration and managing postrepair stiffness and adhesions. It also discusses the need for a multidisciplinary approach to advance this field and highlights important considerations for future clinical trials. Full article